Airspace Conflict Equations

In this paper, equations are developed for computing the number of potential conflicts at an intersection of flight paths. A “potential conflict” is defined as the simultaneous violation of minimum (not necessarily equal) vertical and horizontal separation requirements. The assumption is made that the aircraft continue straight-line, constant-speed flight through the intersection (“blind flying”). Fortunately, in most cases pilots or air traffic controllers will detect the threat and a course change will be made, avoiding an actual conflict. The number of potential conflicts serves as a measure of relative risk, or as a measure of the workload placed on a separation assurance system.