Research Note—Comparing IT Workers’ Compensation Across Country Contexts: Demographic, Human Capital, and Institutional Factors

References

• Abowd J. M., Finer H., Kramarz F., Haltiwanger J. C., Lane J. I., Spletzer J. R., Theeuwes J. Individual and firm heterogeneity in compensation. The Creation and Analysis of Employer-Employee Matched Data (1999) (North-Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Crossref, Google Scholar
• Abowd J. M., Kramarz F., Margolis D. N. High wage workers and high wage firms. Econometrica (1999) 67(2):251–333Crossref, Google Scholar
• Aggarwal A., Aspray W., Berry O., Lenway S. A., Taylor V. Offshoring: The big picture. Globalization and Offshoring of Software (2006) . http://www.acm.org/globalizationreport/chapter1.pdfGoogle Scholar
• Anderson M., Banker R., Ravindran S. Executive compensation in the information technology industry. Management Sci. (2000) 46(4):530–547Link, Google Scholar
• Ang S., Slaughter S., Ng K. Y. Human capital and institutional determinants of information technology compensation: Modeling multilevel and cross-level interactions. Management Sci. (2002) 48(11):1427Link, Google Scholar
• Arora A., Aspray W., Barnow B., Gurbaxani V. Offshoring: The big picture. Globalization and Offshoring of Software (2006) . http://www.acm.org/globalizationreport/chapter2.pdfGoogle Scholar
• Bamberger P., Admati-Dvir G., Harel G. Gender-based wage and promotion discrimination in Israeli high-technology firms: Do unions make a difference? Acad. Management J. (1995) 38:1744–1761Crossref, Google Scholar
• Baptista R., Swann G. M. P. A comparison of clustering dynamics in the United States and U.K. computer industries. J. Evolutionary Econom. (1999) 9(3):373–399Crossref, Google Scholar
• Becker G. S. Human capital, effort, and the sexual division of labor. J. Labor Econom. (1985) 3(1):33–58Crossref, Google Scholar
• Blau F. D., Kahn L. M., Orley A., David C. Institutions and laws in the labor market. Handbook of Labor Economics (1986) (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands) 1399–1461Google Scholar
• Blau F. D., Kahn L. M. Gender differences in pay. J. Econom. Perspectives (2000) 14(4):75–99Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bound J., Holzer H. Industrial shifts, skill levels, and the labor market for white and black males. Rev. Econom. Statist. (1993) 75(August):387–396Crossref, Google Scholar
• Brandel M. Swimming in a global talent pool. (2007) January):15 http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=277393&pageNumber=2Google Scholar
• Broersma L., Gautier P. Job creation and job destruction by small firms: An empirical investigation for the Dutch manufacturing sector. Small Bus. Econom. (1997) 9(3):211–224Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bryk A. S., Raudenbush S. W.Hierarchical Linear Models (1992) (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA) Google Scholar
• Burdett K., Mortensen D. T. Wage differentials, employer size, and unemployment. Internat. Econom. Rev. (1998) 39(2):257–273Crossref, Google Scholar
• Census Bureau (2002) . http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/tp/tp63.htmGoogle Scholar
• Department of Labor (DOL) Foreign labor trends: Singapore. (2003) . http://www.dol.gov/ILAB/media/reports/flt/singapore-2003.htmGoogle Scholar
• Department of Labor (DOL) Occupational outlook handbook, 2004–2005 edition. (2004) . http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos042.htmGoogle Scholar
• Department of Labor (DOL) Current population survey. (2005) . http://www.bls.gov/cps/Google Scholar
• Ellis R., Lowell B. L. The outlook in 2003 for information technology workers in the USA. (2003) . http://www.cpst.org/ITWF_Report.cfmGoogle Scholar
• Erdil E., Yetkiner I. H. A comparative analysis of inter-industry wage differentials: Industrialized versus developing countries. Appl. Econom. (2001) 33(13):1639–1648Crossref, Google Scholar
• Friedman T. L.The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century (2005) 1st ed.(Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York) Google Scholar
• Greene W.Limdep 8.0 (2003) (Econometric Software, Inc., Plainview, NY) Google Scholar
• Hofmann D. A. An overview of the logic and rationale of hierarchical linear models. J. Management (1997) 23(6):723–744Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hoynes H., Blank R., Card D. The employment, earnings, and income of less skilled workers over the business cycle. Finding Jobs: Work and Welfare Reform (2000) (Russell Sage Foundation, New York) 23–71Google Scholar
• Hua Y. S., Long A. S. Income trends: The gender income gap. Statistics Singapore Newsletter (1997) January). http://www.singstat.gov.sg/ssn/feat/1Q97/feat.htmlGoogle Scholar
• Idson T.L.a.H.I. Comparison of employer size effects on wages and tenure for men and women in Japan and the United States. Indust. Relations Res. Assoc. Proc. (1992) 531–538Google Scholar
• Information Technology Association of America (ITAA) Bouncing back: Jobs, skills, and the continuing demand for IT workers. (2002) . http://www.itaa.org/workforce/studies/02execsumm.pdfGoogle Scholar
• Lee J., Pow J. Human resource policies for women: A study in Singapore. J. Management Development (1999) 18(4):326–341Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lester R. Pay differentials by size of establishment. Indust. Labor Relations Rev. (1967) 7(1):57–67Google Scholar
• Levina N., Xin M., Yang S. Information technology workforce structure and compensation in IT services vs. other firms: Implications to IT outsourcing. 24th Internat. Conf. Inform. Systems (2003) Seattle, WA:759–766Google Scholar
• Liebeskind J. P., Kochan M.M.B.a.T.A. Ownership, incentives, and control in new biotechnology firms. The New Relationship: Human Capital in the American Corporation (2000) (Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC) 299–326Google Scholar
• Loveman G., Sengenberger W. The re-emergence of small scale production: An international comparison. Small Bus. Econom. (1991) 3:1–37Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mellow W. Employer size and wages. Rev. Econom. Statist. (1982) 64(3):495–501Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mincer J. Human capital, technology, and the wage structure: What do time series show? Studies in Human Capital (1993) (Edward Elgar Publishing Company)Google Scholar
• Mincer J., Polachek S. Family investments in human capital: Earnings of women. J. Political Econom. (1974) 82(2):76–108Crossref, Google Scholar
• Montes S. Information technologies in the U.S. economy. Digital Economy 2003 (2003) . https://www.esa.doc.gov/reports/DE-Front.pdfGoogle Scholar
• Mortensen D. T.Wage Dispersion: Why Are Similar Workers Paid Differently? (2003) (The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA) Crossref, Google Scholar
• Murphy K. M., Topel R., Weiss Y., Fishelson G. Efficiency wages reconsidered: Theory and evidence. Advances in the Theory and Measurement of Unemployment (1987) (St. Martin Press, New York) 204–240Google Scholar
• Nachum L. Economic geography and the location of TNCs: Financial and professional service FDI to the USA. J. Internat. Bus. Stud. (2000) 31(3):367–385Crossref, Google Scholar
• National Research Council (NRC)Building a Workforce for the Information Economy (2001) (National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.) Google Scholar
• Oi W. Y., Triplett J. E. The fixed employment costs of specialized labor. The Measure of Labor Cost (1983) ((For NBER) University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL) Google Scholar
• Osborn R. N., Hagedoorn J., Denekamp J. G., Duysters G., Baughn C. C. Embedded patterns of international alliance formation. Organ. Stud. (1998) 19(4):617–638Crossref, Google Scholar
• Osburn J. Interindustry wage differentials: Patterns and possible sources. Monthly Labor Review (2000) February). http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2000/02/art4full.pdfGoogle Scholar
• Pissarides C. A.Equilibrium Unemployment Theory (2000) (The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA) Google Scholar
• Preston A. E. The nonprofit workers in a for-profit world. J. Labor Econom. (1989) 7(4):438–463Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rosen S. Specialization and human capital. J. Labor Econom. (1983) 1(1):43–39Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schaffner J. A. Premiums to employment in larger establishments: Evidence from Peru. J. Development Econom. (1998) 55(1):81–113Crossref, Google Scholar
• Singapore Department of Statistics Ministry of Trade and Industry Census of population 2000 advanced data release. (2001) . http://www.singstat.gov.sg/pdtsvc/pubn/adr2000.htmlGoogle Scholar
• Slaughter S., Ang S. Employment outsourcing in information systems. Comm. ACM (1996) 39(7):47–54Crossref, Google Scholar
• Talmor E., Wallace J. S. Computer industry executives: An analysis of the new barons’ compensation. Inform. Systems Res. (1998) 9(4):398–414Link, Google Scholar
• Trauth E., Quesenberry J. L., Yeo B. The influence of environmental context on women in the IT workforce. Proc. 2005 ACM SIGMIS CPR Conf. Comput. Personnel Res. (2005) Atlanta, GA, ACMCrossref, Google Scholar
• U.S. Embassy of Singapore Singapore’s wage system. (2001) July). http://www.usembassysingapore.org.sg/ep/2001/Wages2001.htmlGoogle Scholar
• Willis R. J., Orley A., Richard L., David C. Wage determinants: A survey of human capital earning functions. Handbook of Labor Economics (1999) (North Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Google Scholar
• Yang S., Kim H., Bakos Y. Why IT workers own their firms: The relative importance of human capital affects firm ownership. 24th Internat. Conf. Inform. Systems (2003) Seattle, WAGoogle Scholar
• Yeoh B. Singapore: Hungry for foreign workers at all skill levels. (2007) January). http://www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=570Google Scholar