Group Polarization and Computer-Mediated Communication: Effects of Communication Cues, Social Presence, and Anonymity

Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.13.1.70.92

References

  • Argyris C.On Organizational Learning (1992) (Blackwell Publishers, Cambridge, MA) Google Scholar
  • Baron R. S., Roper G. Reaffirmation of social comparison views of choice shifts: Averaging and extremity effects in an autokinetic situation. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1976) 33(5):521–530CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Bhappu A. D., Griffith T. L., Northcraft G. B. Media effects and communication bias in diverse groups. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1997) 70(3):199–205CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Blascovich J., Ginsburg G. P., Howe R. C. Blackjack and the risky shift, II: Monetary stakes. J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. (1975a) 11(3):224–232CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Blascovich J., Ginsburg G. P., Veach T. L. A pluralistic explanation of choice shifts on the risk dimension. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1975b) 31(3):422–429CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Brockner J. The escalation of commitment to a failing course of action: Toward theoretical progress. Acad. Management Rev. (1992) 17(1):39–61CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Brown R.Social Psychology (1965) (The Free Press, New York) Google Scholar
  • Burnstein E., Brandstatter H., Davis J. H., Stocker-Kreichgauer G. Persuasion as argument processing. Contemporary Problems in Group Decision-Making (1982) (Academic Press, New York) 103–124Google Scholar
  • Butler J. K., Crino M. D. Effects of initial tendency and real risk on choice shift. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1992) 53(1):14–34CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Carlson J. R., Zmud R. W. Channel expansion theory and the experiential nature of media richness perceptions. Acad. Management J. (1999) 42(2):153–170CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Cartwright D. S., Cartwright D. S., Tomson B., Schwartz H. The nature of gangs. Gang Delinquency (1975) (Brooks/Cole, Monterey, CA) 1–22Google Scholar
  • Chidambaram L. Relational development in computersupported groups. MIS Quart. (1996) 20(2):143–165CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Chidambaram L., Bostrom R. P. Evolution of group performance over time: A repeated measures study of GDSS effects. J. Organ. Comput. (1993) 3(4):443–470Google Scholar
  • Cohen J.Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (1988) (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ) Google Scholar
  • Coleman J. S.Community Conflict (1957) (Free Press, New York) Google Scholar
  • Connolly T., Jessup L. M., Valacich J. S. Effects of anonymity and evaluative tone on idea generation in computer-mediated groups. Management Sci. (1990) 36(6):689–703LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Cook M., Lallijee M. Verbal substitutes for visual signals in interaction. Semiotica (1972) 6:212–221CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Daft R. L., Lengel R. H., Trevino L. K. Message equivocality, media selection, and manager performance: Implications for information systems. MIS Quart. (1987) 11(3):355–366CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Davis J. H. Some compelling intuitions about group consensus decisions, theoretical and empirical research, and interpersonal aggregation phenomena: Selected examples, 1950-1990. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1993) 52(1):3–38CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Dennis A. R., Kinney S. T. Testing media richness theory in the new media: The effects of cues, feedback, and task equivocality. Inform. Systems Res. (1998) 9(3):256–274LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Dennis A. R., Nunamaker J. F., Vogel D. R. A comparison of laboratory and field research in the study of electronic meeting systems. J. Management Inform. Systems (1990a) 7(3):107–135CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Dennis A. R., Valacich J. S., Nunamaker J. F. An experimental investigation of the effects of group size in an electronic meeting environment. IEEE Trans. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (1990b) 25(5):1049–1057CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Dickson G., Benbasat I. A programmatic approach to information systems research: An experimentalist's view. The Information Systems Research Challenge: Experimental Research Methods (1989) (Boston, MA)147–170Google Scholar
  • Diener E., Fraser S., Beaman A. L., Kelem R. T. Effects of deindividuating variables on stealing by Halloween trick-ortreaters. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1976) 33(2):178–183CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Dubrovsky V. J., Kiesler S. B., Sethna B. N. The equalization phenomenon: Status effects in computer-mediated and face-to-face decision-making groups. Human-Computer Interaction (1991) 6(2):119–146CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • El-Shinnawy M., Vinze A. S. Polarization and persuasive argumentation: A study of decision making in group settings. MIS Quart. (1998) 22(2):165–198CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Festinger L., Riecken H. W., Schachter S.When Prophecy Fails (1956) (University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN) CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Fjermestad J., Hiltz S. R. An assessment of group support systems experimental research: Methodology and results. J. Management Inform. Systems (1999) 15(3):7–150CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Fromkin H. Effects of experimentally aroused feelings of undistinctiveness upon valuation of scarce and novel experiences. J. Personality Social Psych. (1970) 16(3):521–529CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • George J. F., Easton G. K., Nunamaker J. F., Northcraft G. B. A study of collaborative group work with and without computer-based support. Inform. Systems Res. (1990) 1(4):394–415LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Griffith T. L., Northcraft G. B. Distinguishing between the forest and the trees: Media, features, and methodology in electronic communication research. Organ. Sci. (1994) 5(2):272–285LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Griffith T. L., Fuller M. A., Northcraft G. B. Facilitator influence in group support systems: Intended and unintended effects. Inform. Systems Res. (1998) 9(1):20–36LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Hart S. L., Boroush M., Enk G., Hornick W. Managing complexity through consensus mapping: Technology for the structuring of group decisions. Acad. Management Rev. (1985) 10(3):587–600CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Hofstede G.Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (1991) (McGraw Hill, London, U.K.) Google Scholar
  • Howell J., Dorfman P., Kerr S. Moderator variables in leadership research. Acad. Management Rev. (1986) 11(1):88–102CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Isenberg D. J. Group polarization: A critical review and metaanalysis. J. Personality Social Psych. (1986) 50(6):1141–1151CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Janis I. L.Crucial Decisions: Leadership in Policymaking and Crisis Management (1989) (Free Press, New York) Google Scholar
  • Jessup L. M., Connolly T., Galegher J. The effects of anonymity on GDSS group process with an idea-generating task. MIS Quart. (1990) 14(3):313–321CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Johansen R., Sibbet D., Benson S., Martin A., Mittman R., Saffo P.Leading Business Teams: How Teams Can Use Technology and Process to Enhance Group Performance (1991) (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA) Google Scholar
  • Kaplan M. F. Discussion polarization effects in a modified jury decision paradigm: Informational influences. Sociometry (1977) 40(3):262–271CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Keil M., Tan B. C. Y., Wei K. K., Saarinen T., Tuunainen V., Wassenaar A. A cross-cultural study on escalation of commitment behavior in software projects. MIS Quart. (2000) 24(2):299–325CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Keppel G.Design and Analysis: A Researcher's Handbook (1991) (Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ) Google Scholar
  • Kiesler S., Zubrow D., Moses A. M., Geller V. Affectin computer-mediated communication: An Experiment in synchronous terminal-to-terminal discussion. Human-Comput. Interaction (1985) 1(1):77–104CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Latane B. The psychology of social impact. Amer. Psych. (1981) 36(4):343–356CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Lewicki R. J., Litterer R.Negotiation (1985) (Irwin, Homewood, IL) Google Scholar
  • McCauley C. The nature of social influence in groupthink: Compliance and internalization. J. Personality Social Psych. (1989) 57(2):250–260CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • McGrath J. E.Groups: Interaction and Performance (1984) (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ) Google Scholar
  • McGuire T. W., Kiesler S. B., Siegel J. Group and computer mediated discussion effects in risk decision making. J. Personality and Soc. Psych. (1987) 52(5):917–930CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Muehleman J. T., Bruker C., Ingram C. M. The generosity shift. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1976) 34(3):344–351CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Myers D. G., Kaplan M. F. Group-induced polarization in simulated juries. Personality. Soc. Psych. Bull. (1976) 2(1):63–66CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Neter J., Wasserman W., Kutner M. H.Applied Linear Statistical Models: Regression, Analysis of Variance, and Experimental Designs (1990) (Irwin, Homewood, IL) Google Scholar
  • Nunamaker J. F., Dennis A. R., George J. F., Valacich J. S., Vogel D. R. Electronic meeting systems to support group work. Comm. ACM (1991) 34(7):40–61CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Paese P. W., Bieser M., Tubbs M. E. Framing effects and choice shiftin group decision making. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1993) 56(1):149–165CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Pavitt C. Another view of group polarizing: The ‘reasons for’ one-sided oral argumentation. Comm. Res. (1994) 21(5):625–642CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Poole M. S., Jackson M. H., Jessup L. M., Valacich J. S. Communication theory and group support systems. Group Support Systems: New Perspectives (1993) (Macmillan, New York) 281–293Google Scholar
  • Poole M. S., Holmes M., DeSanctis G. Conflict management in a computer-supported meeting environment. Management Sci. (1991) 37(8):926–953LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Pruitt D. G. Choice shifts in group discussion: An introductory review. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1971) 20(3):339–360CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Rajecki D. W. Group discussion and the polarization of attitudes. Attitudes, Themes and Advances (1990) (Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA) 183–214Google Scholar
  • Rice R. E.The New Media: Communication, Research, and Technology (1984) (Sage, Newbury Park, CA) Google Scholar
  • Rice R. E. Media appropriateness: Using social presence theory to compare traditional and new organizational media. Human Comm. Res. (1993) 19(4):451–484CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Riley R. T., Pettigrew T. F. Dramatic events and attitude change. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1976) 34(5):1004–1015CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Salancik G. R., Staw B. M., Salancik G. R. Commitment and the control of organizational behavior and belief. New Directions in Organizational behavior (1977) (St. Clair, Chicago, IL) 1–54Google Scholar
  • Sanders G. S., Baron R. S. Is social comparison irrelevantfor producing choice shift? J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. (1977) 13(4):303–314CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Shaw M. E., Berkowitz L. Communication networks fourteen years later. Group Processes (1978) (Academic Press, New York) 351–362Google Scholar
  • Short J., Williams E., Christie B.The Social Psychology of Telecommunication (1976) (John Wiley, New York) Google Scholar
  • Siegel J., Dubrovsky V., Kiesler S. B., McGuire T. W. Group processes in computer-mediated communication. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1986) 37(2):157–187CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Sproull L., Kiesler S. Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Sci. (1986) 32(11):1492–1512LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Straub D., Karahanna E. Knowledge worker communications and recipient availability: Toward a task closure explanation of media choice. Organ. Sci. (1998) 9(2):160–175LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Tan B. C. Y., Wei K. K., Watson R. T. The equalizing impact of a group support system on status differentials. ACM Trans. Inform. Systems (1999) 17(1):77–100CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Tan B. C. Y., Wei K. K., Watson R. T., Clapper D. L., McLean E. R. Computermediated communication and majority influence: Assessing the impact in an individualistic and a collectivistic culture. Management Sci. (1998) 44(9):1263–1278LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Toch R.The Social Psychology of Social Movements (1965) (Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis, IN) Google Scholar
  • Todd P., Benbasat I. Process tracing methods in decision support systems research: Exploring the black box. MIS Quart. (1987) 11(4):493–512CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Trauth E. M., Jessup L. M. Understanding computermediated discussions: Positive and interpretive analyses of group supportsystem use. MIS Quart. (2000) 24(1):43–79CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Valacich J. S., Dennis A. R., Connolly T. Idea generation in computer-based groups: A new ending to an old story. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1994a) 57(3):448–467CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Valacich J. S., Dennis A. R., Nunamaker J. F. Group size and anonymity effects on computer-mediated idea generation. Small Group Res. (1992) 23(1):49–73CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Valacich J. S., George J. F., Nunamaker J. F., Vogel D. R. Physical proximity effects on computer-mediated group idea generation. Small Group Res. (1994b) 25(1):83–104CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Vinokur A., Burnstein E. Effects of partially-shared persuasive arguments on group-induced shifts: A group problem-solving approach. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1974) 29(2):305–315CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Vinokur A., Burnstein E. Novel argumentation and attitude change: The case of polarization following group discussion. Euro. J. Soc. Psych. (1978) 8(3):335–348CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Wallach M. A., Kogan N., Bem D. J. Group influence on individual risk-taking. J. Abnormal Soc. Psych. (1962) 65(2):75–86CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Walther J. B. Relational aspects of computer-mediated communication: Experimental observations over time. Organ. Sci. (1995) 6(2):186–203LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Walton R. E., McKersie R. B.A Behavioral Theory of Labor Negotiation (1965) (McGraw-Hill, New York) Google Scholar
  • Weisband S. P. Group discussion and first advocacy effects in computer-mediated and face-to-face decision making groups. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1992) 53(3):352–380CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Weisberg S.Applied Linear Regression (1985) (John Wiley, New York) Google Scholar
  • Whyte G. Escalating commitment in individual and group decision making: A prospect theory approach. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1993) 54(3):430–455CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Wiener M., Mehrabian A.Language Within Language: Immediacy, a Channel in Verbal Communication (1968) (Appleton Century Crofts, New York) Google Scholar
  • Williams E. Experimental comparisons of face-to-face and mediated communication: A review. Psych. Bull. (1977) 84(5):963–976CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Wiseman D. B., Levin I. P. Comparing risky decision making under conditions of real and hypothetical consequences. Organ. Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1996) 66(3):241–250CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Yinon Y., Jaffe Y., Feshbach S. Risky aggression in individuals and groups. J. Personality and Soc. Psych. (1975) 31(5):808–815CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Zigurs I., Poole M. S., DeSanctis G. A study of influence in computer-mediated group decision making. MIS Quart. (1988) 12(4):625–644CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Zuber J. A., Crott H. W., Werner J. Choice shift and group polarization: An analysis of the status of arguments and social decision schemes. J. Personality Soc. Psych. (1992) 62(1):50–61CrossrefGoogle Scholar
INFORMS site uses cookies to store information on your computer. Some are essential to make our site work; Others help us improve the user experience. By using this site, you consent to the placement of these cookies. Please read our Privacy Statement to learn more.