Unraveling the Alignment Paradox: How Does Business—IT Alignment Shape Organizational Agility?

References

• Aiken L, West S (1991) Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions (Sage, Newbury Park, CA).Google Scholar
• Armstrong JS, Overton TS (1977) Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. J. Marketing Res. 14(3):396–402.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Arvidsson V, Holmström J, Lyytinen K (2014) Information systems use as strategy practice: A multi-dimensional view of strategic information system implementation and use. J. Strategic Inform. Systems 23(1):45–61.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Benbya H, McKelvey B (2006) Using coevolutionary and complexity theories to improve IS alignment: A multi-level approach. J. Inform. Tech. 21(4):284–298.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bharadwaj AS (2000) A resource-based perspective on information technology capability and firm performance: An empirical investigation. MIS Quart. 24(1):169–196.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bradley RV, Pratt RME, Byrd TA, Outlay CN, Wynn DE (2012) Enterprise architecture, IT effectiveness and the mediating role of IT alignment in U.S. hospitals. Inform. Systems J. 22(2):97–127.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chan YE, Reich BH (2007) IT alignment: What have we learned? J. Inform. Tech. 22(4):297–315.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chan YE, Sabherwal R, Thatcher JB (2006) Antecedents and outcomes of strategic IS alignment: An empirical investigation. IEEE Trans. Engrg. Management 53(1):27–47.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chen DQ, Mocker M, Preston DS, Teubner A (2010) Information systems strategy: Reconceptualization, measurement, and implications. MIS Quart. 34(2):233–259.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ciborra CU (1996) De profundis? Deconstructing the concept of strategic alignment. Scandinavian J. Inform. Systems 9(1):67–82.Google Scholar
• Cohen J, Cohen P, West S, Aiken L (2003) Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, 3rd ed. (Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ).Google Scholar
• Coltman TR, Tallon PP, Sharma R, Queiroz M (2015) Strategic IT alignment: Twenty-five years on. J. Inform. Tech. 30(2):91–100.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dahlin K, Weingart LR, Hinds P (2005) Team diversity and information use. Acad. Management J. 46(6):1107–1123.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Draganska M, Hartmann WR, Stanglein G (2014) Internet versus television advertising: A brand-building comparison. J. Marketing Res. 51(5):578–590.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Faraj S, Xiao Y (2006) Coordination in fast-response organizations. Management Sci. 52(8):1155–1169.Link, Google Scholar
• Fornell C, Larcker DF (1981) Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. J. Marketing Res. 18(1):39–50.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Forrest C (2016) New report highlights top 10 concerns for CIOs and IT leaders. Tech Republic (October 17). Accessed October 13, 2017, http://www.techrepublic.com/article/new-report-highlights-top-10-concerns-for-cios-and-it-leaders/.Google Scholar
• Gefen D, Rigdon EE, Straub D (2011) An update and extension to SEM guidelines for administrative and social science research. MIS Quart. 35(2):iii–xiv.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gerow JE, Grover V, Thatcher J, Roth PL (2014) Looking toward the future of IT-business strategic alignment through the past: A meta-analysis. MIS Quart. 38(4):1059–1085.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gilbert CG (2005) Unbundling the structure of inertia: Resource vs. routine rigidity. Acad. Management J. 48(5):741–763.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gupta AK, Smith KG, Shalley CE (2006) The interplay between exploration and exploitation. Acad. Management J. 49(4):693–706.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hair J, Anderson R, Tatham R, Black W (1998) Multivariate Data Analysis, 5th ed. (Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ).Google Scholar
• Hannan MT, Freeman J (1984) Structural inertia and organizational change. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 49(2):149–164.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Harrison DA, Klein KJ (2007) What’s the difference? Diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations. Acad. Management J. 32(4):1199–1228.Google Scholar
• He ZL, Wong P-K (2004) Exploration vs. exploitation: An empirical test of the ambidexterity hypothesis. Organ. Sci. 15(4):481–494.Link, Google Scholar
• Henderson JC, Venkatraman N (1993) Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations. IBM Systems J. 32(1):4–16.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jiang L, Bastiansen E, Strandenes SP (2013) The international competitiveness of China’s shipbuilding industry. Transportation Res. Part E: Logist. Transportation Rev. 60(December):39–48.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kaplan S, Henderson R (2005) Inertia and incentives: Bridging organizational economics and organizational theory. Organ. Sci. 16(5):509–521.Link, Google Scholar
• Kappelman L, McLean E, Luftman J, Johnson V (2013) Key issues of IT organizations and their leadership: The 2013 SIM IT trends study. MIS Quart. Executive 12(3):227–240.Google Scholar
• Karahanna E, Preston DS (2013) The effect of social capital of the relationship between the CIO and top management team on firm performance. J. Management Inform. Systems 30(1):15–56.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Karimi J, Somers TM, Gupta YP (2004) Impact of environmental uncertainty and task characteristics on user satisfaction with data. Inform. Systems Res. 15(2):175–193.Link, Google Scholar
• Kearns GS, Lederer AL (2003) A resource-based view of strategic IT alignment: How knowledge sharing creates competitive advantage. Decision Sci. 34(1):1–29.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Keil M, Mixon R, Saarinen T, Tuunainen V (1994) Understanding runaway information technology projects: Results from an international research program based on escalation theory. J. Management Inform. Systems 11(3):65–85.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Leonard-Barton D (1992) Core capabilities and core rigidities: A paradox in managing new product development. Strategic Management J. 13(S1):111–125.Crossref, Google Scholar
• LePine JA, Piccolo RF, Jackson CL, Mathieu JE, Saul JR (2008) A meta-analysis of teamwork processes: Tests of a multidimensional model and relationships with team effectiveness criteria. Personnel Psych. 61(2):273–307.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lewis K (2003) Measuring transactive memory systems in the field: Scale development and validation. J. Appl. Psych. 88(4):587–604.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Liang H, Xue Y, Wu L (2013) Ensuring employees’ IT compliance: Carrot or stick? Inform. Systems Res. 24(2):279–294.Link, Google Scholar
• Liang H, Peng Z, Xue Y, Guo X, Wang N (2015) Employees’ exploration of complex systems: An integrative view. J. Management Inform. Systems 32(1):322–357.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Liang HG, Saraf N, Hu Q, Xue YJ (2007) Assimilation of enterprise systems: The effect of institutional pressures and the mediating role of top management. MIS Quart. 31(1):59–87.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lindell MK, Whitney DJ (2001) Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. J. Appl. Psych. 86(1):114–121.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lu Y, Ramamurthy K (2011) Understanding the link between information technology capability and organizational agility: An empirical examination. MIS Quart. 35(4):931–954.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Majchrzak A, Jarvenpaa SL, Hollingshead AB (2007) Coordinating expertise among emergent groups responding to disasters. Organ. Sci. 18(1):147–161.Link, Google Scholar
• Marks MA, Mathieu JE, Zaccaro SJ (2001) A temporally based framework and taxonomy of team processes. Acad. Management Rev. 26(3):356–376.Crossref, Google Scholar
• McLaren TS, Head MM, Yuan Y, Chan YE (2011) A multilevel model for measuring fit between a firm’s competitive strategies and information systems capabilities. MIS Quart. 35(4):909–929.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Melville N, Ramirez R (2008) Information technology innovation diffusion: An information requirements paradigm. Inform. Systems J. 18(3):247–273.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Miller D (1992) Environmental fit vs. internal fit. Organ. Sci. 3(2):159–178.Link, Google Scholar
• Moliterno TP, Wiersema MF (2007) Firm performance, rent appropriation, and the strategic resource divestment capability. Strategic Management J. 28(11):1065–1087.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Nunnally J (1978) Psychometric Theory, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York).Google Scholar
• Okhuysena GA, Bechky BA (2009) Coordination in organizations: An integrative perspective. Acad. Management Ann. 3(1):463–502.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Overby E, Bharadwaj A, Sambamurthy V (2006) Enterprise agility and the enabling role of information technology. Eur. J. Inform. Systems 15(2):120–131.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Palmer JW, Markus ML (2000) The performance impacts of quick response and strategic alignment in specialty retailing. Inform. Systems Res. 11(3):241–259.Link, Google Scholar
• Pavlou PA, El Sawy OA (2010) The third hand: IT-enabled competitive advantage in turbulence through improvisational capabilities. Inform. Systems Res. 21(3):443–471.Link, Google Scholar
• Pfeffer J, Salancik GR (2003) The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective (Stanford University Press, Redwood City, CA).Google Scholar
• Podsakoff PM, MacKenzie SB, Lee JY, Podsakoff NP (2003) Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J. Appl. Psych. 88(5):879–903.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Preston DS, Karahanna E (2009) Antecedents of IS strategic alignment: A nomological network. Inform. Systems Res. 20(2):159–179.Link, Google Scholar
• Preacher KJ, Hayes AF (2008) Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behav. Res. Methods 40:879–891.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rai A, Tang X (2010) Leveraging IT capabilities and competitive process capabilities for the management of interorganizational relationship portfolios. Inform. Systems Res. 21(3):516–542.Link, Google Scholar
• Rai A, Tang X (2013) Research commentary–Information technology-enabled business models: A conceptual framework and a coevolution perspective for future research. Inform. Systems Res. 25(1):1–14.Link, Google Scholar
• Ravichandran T, Lertwongsatien C (2005) Effect of information systems resources and capabilities on firm performance: A resource-based perspective. J. Management Inform. Systems 21(4): 237–276.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Reich BH, Benbasat I (1996) Measuring the linkage between business and information technology objectives. MIS Quart. 20(1):55–81.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Reich BH, Benbasat I (2000) Factors that influence the social dimension of alignment between business and information technology objectives. MIS Quart. 24(1):81–113.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rettig C (2007) The trouble with enterprise software. MIT Sloan Management Rev. 49(1):21–27.Google Scholar
• Roberts N, Grover V (2012) Leveraging information technology infrastructure to facilitate a firm’s customer agility and competitive activity: An empirical investigation. J. Management Inform. Systems 28(4):231–270.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sabherwal R, Chan YE (2001) Alignment between business and IS strategies: A study of prospectors, analyzers, and defenders. Inform. Systems Res. 12(1):11–33.Link, Google Scholar
• Sambamurthy V, Bharadwaj A, Grover V (2003) Shaping agility through digital options: Reconceptualizing the role of information technology in contemporary firms. MIS Quart. 27(2):237–263.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schlosser F, Beimborn D, Weitzel T, Wagner HT (2015) Achieving social alignment between business and IT—An empirical evaluation of the efficacy of IT governance mechanisms. J. Inform. Tech. 30(2):119–135.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schmalensee RC (1985) Do markets differ much? Amer. Econom. Rev. 75(3):341–351.Google Scholar
• Sharp BM, Bergh DD, Li M (2013) Measuring and testing industry effects in strategic management research: An update, assessment, and demonstration. Organ. Res. Methods 16(1):43–66.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Shpilberg D, Berez S, Puryear R, Shah S (2007) Avoiding the alignment trap in IT. MIT Sloan Management Rev. 49(1):51–58.Google Scholar
• Siggelkow N (2001) Change in the presence of fit: The rise, the fall, and the renaissance of Liz Claiborne. Acad. Management J. 44(4):838–857.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Siggelkow N (2002) Evolution toward fit. Admin. Sci. Quart. 47(1): 125–159.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sirmon DG, Hitt MA, Ireland RD (2007) Managing firm resources in dynamic environments to create value: Looking inside the black box. Acad. Management Rev. 32(1):273–292.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Smith WK (2014) Dynamic decision making: A model of senior leaders managing strategic paradoxes. Acad. Management J. 57(6): 1592–1623.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Summers JK, Humphrey SE, Ferris GR (2012) Team member change, flux in coordination, and performance: Effects of strategic core roles, information transfer, and cognitive ability. Acad. Management J. 55(2):314–338.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sun H, Fang Y, Haiyung Z (2016) Choosing a fit technology: Understanding mindfulness in technology adoption and continuance. J. Assoc. Inform. Systems 17(6):377–412.Google Scholar
• Sydow J, Schreyögg G, Koch J (2009) Organizational path dependence: Opening the black box. Acad. Management Rev. 34(4):689–709.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tafti A, Mithas S, Krishnan MS (2013) The importance of IT-enabled flexibility in alliances. MIT Sloan Management Rev. 54(3):12–14.Google Scholar
• Tallon PP (2003) The alignment paradox. CIO Insight 1(40):75–76.Google Scholar
• Tallon PP (2007) Does IT pay to focus? An analysis of IT business value under single and multi-focused business strategies. J. Strategic Inform. Systems 16(3):278–300.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tallon PP (2008) A process-oriented perspective on the alignment of information technology and business strategy. J. Management Inform. Systems 24(3):227–268.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tallon PP, Pinsonneault A (2011) Competing perspectives on the link between strategic information technology alignment and organizational agility: Insights from a mediation model. MIS Quart. 35(2):463–484.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tan FB, Gallupe RB (2006) Aligning business and information systems thinking: A cognitive approach. IEEE Trans. Engrg. Management 53(2):223–237.Crossref, Google Scholar
• UNCTAD (2013) Review of Maritime Transport 2013 (United Nations, New York).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Van de Ven AH (2007) Engaged Scholarship: A Guide for Organizational and Social Research (Oxford University Press, New York).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Vessey I, Ward K (2013) The dynamics of sustainable IS alignment: The case for IS adaptability. J. Assoc. Inform. Systems 14(6):283–311.Google Scholar
• Wagner HT, Beimborn D, Weitzel T (2014) How social capital among information technology and business units drives operational alignment and IT business value. J. Management Inform. Systems 31(1):241–272.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wang N, Xue Y, Liang H, Ge S (2011) Antecedents of revolutionary changes of business-IT alignment: A case study of two companies. Comm. AIS 28(1):26.Google Scholar
• Wang N, Liang H, Zhong W, Xue Y, Xiao J (2012) Resource structuring or capability building? An empirical study on business value of information technology. J. Management Inform. Systems 29(2):325–367.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Winter SG (2003) Understanding dynamic capabilities. Strategic Management J. 24(10):991–995.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wu SPJ, Straub DW, Liang TP (2015) How information technology governance mechanisms and strategic alignment influence organizational performance: Insights from a matched survey of business and IT managers. MIS Quart. 39(2):497–518.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Xue Y, Liang H, Boulton WR (2008) IT governance in IT investment decision processes: The impact of investment characteristics, external environment, and internal context. MIS Quart. 32(1):67–96.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Xue Y, Liang H, Wu L (2011) Punishment, justice, and compliance with mandatory IT usage. Inform. Systems Res. 22(2):400–414.Link, Google Scholar
• Yayla AA, Hu Q (2012) The impact of IT-business strategic alignment on firm performance in a developing country setting: Exploring moderating roles of environmental uncertainty and strategic orientation. Eur. J. Inform. Systems 21(4):373–387.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhou KZ, Wu F (2010) Technological capability, strategic flexibility, and product innovation. Strategic Management J. 31(5):547–561.Crossref, Google Scholar