Cheating and Loss Aversion: Do People Cheat More to Avoid a Loss?
Published Online:27 Jan 2016https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2313
References
- (2014) Representative evidence on lying costs. J. Public Econom. 113:96–104.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2012) The Honest Truth About Dishonesty: How We Lie to Everyone—Especially Ourselves (Harper, New York).Google Scholar
- (2014) The (true) legacy of two really existing economic systems. Munich Discussion Paper 2014-26, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.Google Scholar
- (2013) Do customers return excessive change in a restaurant? A field experiment on dishonesty. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 93:219–226.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) Deception: The role of guilt. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 93:227–232.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1968) Crime and punishment: An economic approach. J. Political Econom. 76:169–217.Crossref, Google Scholar
- Billings Gazette (2009) Shepherd man admits Social Security fraud. (December 21), http://billingsgazette.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/article_63e7610a-ee8e-11de-abc4001cc4c03286.html.Google Scholar
- (1986) Choice behavior in social dilemmas: Effects of social identity, group size, and decision framing. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 50:543–549.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) Unethical behavior in the field: Demographic characteristics and beliefs of cheaters. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 93:248–257.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2009) Different ethical standards in gain versus loss frames. de Cremer D, ed. Psychological Perspectives on Ethical Behavior and Decision Making (Information Age Publishing, Charlotte, NC), 91–106.Google Scholar
- (2008) Deservingness and unethical behavior in loss and gain frames. Working paper, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley.Google Scholar
- (2013) When do we lie? J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 93:258–265.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2006) Promises and partnership. Econometrica 74:1579–1601.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2015) Sabotage in contests: A survey. Public Choice 64:135–155.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1982) Strategic information transmission. Econometrica 50:1431–1451.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2009) Gender differences in preferences. J. Econom. Literature 47:448–471.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2008) Gender differences in deception. Econom. Lett. 99:197–199.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2008) Men, women and risk aversion: Experimental evidence. Plott C, Smith V, eds. Handbook of Experimental Economics Results, Vol. 1 (Elsevier, New York), 1061–1073.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) Gender differences in social framing effects. Econom. Lett. 118:470–472.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2015) Tax compliance and loss aversion. Amer. Econom. J.: Econom. Policy 7:132–164.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2012) White lies. Management Sci. 58:723–733.Link, Google Scholar
- (2013) Lies in disguise—An experimental study on cheating. J. Eur. Econom. Assoc. 11:525–547.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2012) Individual level evidence of dishonesty and the gender effect. Econom. Lett. 117:624–626.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2012) Enhancing the efficacy of teacher incentives through loss aversion: A field experiment. Working Paper 18237, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2009) Contagion or restitution? When bad apples can motivate ethical behavior. J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. 45:1299–1302.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2005) Deception: The role of consequences. Amer. Econom. Rev. 9:384–394.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) Measuring lying aversion. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 93:293–300.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) How luck and performance affect stealing. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 93:301–304.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2015) Subject pool recruitment procedures: Organizing experiments with ORSEE. J. Econom. Sci. Assoc. 1:114–125.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) The man who fell to earth. Texas Monthly (March), http://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/the-man-who-fell-to-earth/.Google Scholar
- (1999) Goals as reference points. Cognitive Psych. 38:79–109.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2015) Loss aversion and inefficient renegotiation. Rev. Econom. Stud. 82:297–332.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2010) Binary payment schemes: Moral hazard and loss aversion. Amer. Econom. Rev. 100:2451–2477.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2012) Fairness and cheating. Eur. Econom. Rev. 56:1645–1655.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2003) Rotten apples: An investigation of the prevalence and predictors of teacher cheating. Quart. J. Econom. 118:843–877.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2016) Tax me if you can: An artifactual field experiment on dishonesty. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 124(April):7–14.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1979) Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47:263–292.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1986) Fairness as a constraint on profit seeking. Amer. Econom. Rev. 76:728–741.Google Scholar
- (1949) Critique of Practical Reason, and Other Writings in Moral Philosophy (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).Google Scholar
- (2009) Bounded ethicality: The perils of loss framing. Psych. Sci. 20:378–384.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2001) Tax compliance within the context of gain and loss situations, expected and current asset position, and profession. J. Econom. Psych. 22:173–194.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2013) The behavioralist goes to school: Leveraging behavioral economics to improve educational performance. NBER Working Paper 18165, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
- (2014) Do women have more shame than men? An experiment on self-assessment and the shame of overestimating oneself. Working paper, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.Google Scholar
- (2009) The aversion to lying. J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 70:81–92.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2014) Similar patterns of cheating across cultures. Working paper, Duke University, Durham, NC.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2008) The dishonesty of honest people: A theory of self-concept maintenance. J. Marketing Res. 45:633–644.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1993) An examination of tax practitioner decisions: The role of preparer sanctions and framing effects associated with client condition. J. Econom. Psych. 14:439–452.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2014) Let’s be honest: A review of experimental evidence of honesty and truth-telling. J. Econom. Psych. 45:181–196.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1999) Lying to get a date: The effect of facial physical attractiveness on the willingness to deceive prospective dating partners. J. Soc. Personal Relationships 16:209–223.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2004) Goal setting as a motivator of unethical behavior. Acad. Management J. 47:422–432.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2012) Dishonestly increasing the likelihood of winning. Judgment Decision Making 7:292–303.Google Scholar
- (2009) Deception through telling the truth? Experimental evidence from individuals and teams. Econom. J. 119:47–60.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1999) Differences between women and men regarding decisions to commit test cheating. Res. Higher Ed. 40:323–342.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2008) Separating fact from fiction: An examination of deceptive self-presentation in online dating profiles. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 34:1023–1036.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (1991) Loss aversion in riskless choice: A reference-dependent model. Quart. J. Econom. 106:1039–1061.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2008) Why do people keep their promises? An experimental test of two explanations. Econometrica 76:1467–1480.Crossref, Google Scholar
- (2011) Cheating more when the spoils are split. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 115:157–168.Crossref, Google Scholar

