Can Autonomous Vehicles Solve the Commuter Parking Problem?

References

• Arnott R, De Palma A, Lindsey R (1991) A temporal and spatial equilibrium analysis of commuter parking. J. Public Econom. 45(3):301–335.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bai J, So KC, Tang CS, Chen X, Wang H (2019) Coordinating supply and demand on an on-demand service platform with impatient customers. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 21(3):556–570.Link, Google Scholar
• Basu R, Araldo A, Akkinepally AP, Nahmias Biran BH, Basak K, Seshadri R, Deshmukh N, Kumar N, Azevedo CL, Ben-Akiva M (2018) Automated mobility-on-demand vs. mass transit: A multi-modal activity-driven agent-based simulation approach. Transportation Res. Record J. Transportation Res. Board 2672(8):608–618.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Batty M (2008) Fifty years of urban modeling: Macro-statics to micro-dynamics. Albeverio S, Andrey D, Giordano P, Vancheri A, eds. The Dynamics of Complex Urban Systems (Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, Germany), 1–20.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bayern M (2020) Autonomous vehicles: How 7 countries are handling the regulatory landscape. Accessed December 7, 2020, https://www.techrepublic.com/article/autonomous-vehicles-how-7-countries-are-handling-the-regulatory-landscape/.Google Scholar
• Ben-Akiva M, Cyna M, De Palma A (1984) Dynamic model of peak period congestion. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 18(4–5):339–355.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ben-Akiva M, Litinas N, Tsunokawa K (1985) Continuous spatial choice: The continuous logit model and distributions of trips and urban densities. Transportation Res. Part A General 19(2):119–154.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Benjaafar S, Kong G, Li X, Courcoubetis C (2019) Peer-to-peer product sharing: Implications for ownership, usage, and social welfare in the sharing economy. Management Sci. 65(2):477–493.Link, Google Scholar
• Bösch PM, Becker F, Becker H, Axhausen KW (2018) Cost-based analysis of autonomous mobility services. Transport Policy 64:76–91.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chai H, Rodier CJ, Song JW, Zhang MH, Jaller M (2023) The impacts of automated vehicles on center city parking. Transportation Res. Part A Policy Practice 175:103764.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Daganzo CF (2007) Urban gridlock: Macroscopic modeling and mitigation approaches. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 41(1):49–62.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Deichmann J, Ebel E, Heineke K, Heuss R, Kellner M, Steiner F (2023) Autonomous driving’s future: Convenient and connected. Accessed April 15, 2023, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/autonomous-drivings-future-convenient-and-connected.Google Scholar
• Federal Highway Administration (2020) 21st century operations using 21st century technologies. Accessed January 17, 2021, https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/congestionpricing/cp_what_is.htm.Google Scholar
• Fujita M, Thisse JF (1996) Economics of agglomeration. J. Japanese Internat. Econom. 10(4):339–378.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Geary T, Danks D (2019) Balancing the benefits of autonomous vehicles. Conitzer V, Hadfield GK, Vallor S, eds. AIES ’19: Proc. 2019 AAAI/ACM Conf. AI Ethics Soc. (Association for Computing Machinery, New York), 181–186.Google Scholar
• Geroliminis N, Daganzo CF (2007) Macroscopic modeling of traffic in cities, article 07-0413. Transportation Res. Board 86th Annual Meet. (Transportation Research Board, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC).Google Scholar
• Hasija S, Shen ZJM, Teo CP (2020) Smart city operations: Modeling challenges and opportunities. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 22(1):203–213.Link, Google Scholar
• He L, Hu Z, Zhang M (2019) Robust repositioning for vehicle sharing. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 22(2):241–256.Link, Google Scholar
• He F, Yin Y, Chen Z, Zhou J (2015) Pricing of parking games with atomic players. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 73:1–12.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hendricks D (2015) 5 reasons you shouldn’t get to work early. Accessed January 4, 2021, https://www.businessinsider.com/reasons-you-shouldnt-get-to-work-early-2015-2.Google Scholar
• Ingraham C (2019) Nine days on the road. Average commute time reached a new record last year. Accessed December 7, 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/10/07/nine-days-road-average-commute-time-reached-new-record-last-year/.Google Scholar
• Jaffe E (2015) How parking conquered L.A. Accessed December 7, 2020, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-12-03/how-parking-conquered-los-angeles-in-14-facts-maps-and-figures.Google Scholar
• Kim SH, Whitt W (2013) Estimating waiting times with the time-varying Little’s law. Probab. Engrg. Inform. Sci. 27(4):471–506.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lemp JD, Kockelman KM, Damien P (2010) The continuous cross-nested logit model: Formulation and application for departure time choice. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 44(5):646–661.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lim MK, Mak HY, Rong Y (2014) Toward mass adoption of electric vehicles: Impact of the range and resale anxieties. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 17(1):101–119.Link, Google Scholar
• Liu W (2018) An equilibrium analysis of commuter parking in the era of autonomous vehicles. Transportation Res. Part C Emerging Tech. 92:191–207.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lutenegger BA (2017) Cities and airports look to develop best practices for rideshare pick-ups and drop-offs. Accessed October 7, 2024, https://ssti.us/2017/12/04/cities-and-airports-look-to-develop-best-practices-for-rideshare-pick-ups-and-drop-offs/.Google Scholar
• Mak HY (2020) Enabling smarter cities with operations management. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 24(1):24–39.Link, Google Scholar
• Mak HY, Rong Y, Shen ZJM (2013) Infrastructure planning for electric vehicles with battery swapping. Management Sci. 59(7):1557–1575.Link, Google Scholar
• Metro (2025) What are the modes of transit operating in LA County? Accessed July 15, 2025, https://www.metro.net/about/rail-modes/#::text=Metro%20operates%20heavy%20rail%20on%20the%20Red,expanded%20to%20support%20the%20Purple%20Line%20Extension.Google Scholar
• Mirzaeian N, Cho SH, Scheller-Wolf A (2021) A queueing model and analysis for autonomous vehicles on highways. Management Sci. 67(5):2904–2923.Link, Google Scholar
• Nourinejad M, Amirgholy M (2018) Parking pricing and design in the morning commute problem with regular and autonomous vehicles. Rotman School of Management Working Paper No. 3186290. Preprint, submitted May 1, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3186290.Google Scholar
• Overtoom I, Correia G, Huang Y, Verbraeck A (2020) Assessing the impacts of shared autonomous vehicles on congestion and curb use: A traffic simulation study in The Hague, Netherlands. Internat. J. Transportation Sci. Tech. 9(3):195–206.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pelletier S, Jabali O, Laporte G (2016) 50th anniversary invited article—Goods distribution with electric vehicles: Review and research perspectives. Transportation Sci. 50(1):3–22.Link, Google Scholar
• Qi W, Sha M, Li S (2022) When shared autonomous electric vehicles meet microgrids: Citywide energy-mobility orchestration. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 24(5):2389–2406.Link, Google Scholar
• Qi W, Li L, Liu S, Shen ZJM (2018) Shared mobility for last-mile delivery: Design, operational prescriptions, and environmental impact. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 20(4):737–751.Link, Google Scholar
• Qian ZS, Rajagopal R (2014) Optimal dynamic parking pricing for morning commute considering expected cruising time. Transportation Res. Part C Emerging Tech. 48:468–490.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Qian ZS, Rajagopal R (2015) Optimal dynamic pricing for morning commute parking. Transportmetrica A Transport Sci. 11(4):291–316.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Qian Z, Yang S (2022) Vehicle parking system and method. U.S. patent 11417152.Google Scholar
• Qian ZS, Xiao FE, Zhang HM (2011) The economics of parking provision for the morning commute. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci. 17:612–633.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rodrigue JP (2020) The Geography of Transport Systems (Routledge, Abingdon, UK).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Shaver K (2019) City planners eye self-driving vehicles to correct mistakes of the 20th-century auto. Accessed May 25, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/transportation/2019/07/20/city-planers-eye-self-driving-vehicles-correct-mistakes-th-century-auto/.Google Scholar
• Sheffi Y (1985) Urban Transportation Networks, vol. 6 (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ).Google Scholar
• Shoup DC (2021) The High Cost of Free Parking (Routledge, Abingdon, UK).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Small KA (1982) The scheduling of consumer activities: Work trips. Amer. Econom. Rev. 72(3):467–479.Google Scholar
• Spieser K, Treleaven K, Zhang R, Frazzoli E, Morton D, Pavone M (2014) Toward a systematic approach to the design and evaluation of automated mobility-on-demand systems: A case study in Singapore. Meyer G, Beiker S, eds. Road Vehicle Automation (Springer, Cham, Switzerland), 229–245.Crossref, Google Scholar
• U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2015) Careers for night owls and early birds. Accessed January 31, 2021, https://www.bls.gov/careeroutlook/2015/article/night-owls-and-early-birds.htm.Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau (2019) 2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Accessed December 7, 2020, https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/.Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Transportation (2015) Commute mode share. Accessed November 7, 2024, https://www.transportation.gov/mission/health/commute-mode-share.Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Transportation (2022) Connected vehicle benefits. Accessed January 12, 2023, https://www.its.dot.gov/factsheets/pdf/ConnectedVehicleBenefits.pdf.Google Scholar
• Vickrey WS (1969) Congestion theory and transport investment. Amer. Econom. Rev. 59(2):251–260.Google Scholar
• Xu D, Guo X, Zhang G (2019) Constrained optimization for bottleneck coarse tolling. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 128:1–22.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Yang H, Oguchi K (2021) Dynamic vehicle routing with parking probability under connected environment. Transportation Res. Record J. Transportation Res. Board. 2675(11):186–192.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Huang HJ, Zhang H (2008) Integrated daily commuting patterns and optimal road tolls and parking fees in a linear city. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 42(1):38–56.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Liu W, Waller ST, Yin Y (2019) Modelling and managing the integrated morning-evening commuting and parking patterns under the fully autonomous vehicle environment. Transportation Res. Part B Methodological 128:380–407.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Yang H, Huang HJ, Zhang HM (2005) Integrated scheduling of daily work activities and morning-evening commutes with bottleneck congestion. Transportation Res. Part A Policy Practice 39(1):41–60.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhou M, Le DT, Nguyen-Phuoc DQ, Zegras PC, Ferreira J Jr (2021) Simulating impacts of automated mobility-on-demand on accessibility and residential relocation. Cities 118:103345.Crossref, Google Scholar