How Commitment to Craftsmanship Leads to Unique Value: Steinway & Sons’ Differentiation Strategy

References

• Albert S, Whetten DA (1985) Organizational identity. Cummings LL, Staw BM, eds. Research in Organizational Behavior, An Annual Series of Analytical Essays and Critical Reviews (JAI Press, Greenwich), 263–295.Google Scholar
• Allison PD, Long PD (1990) Departmental effects on scientific productivity. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 55(4):469–478.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Argote L, Beckman S, Epple D (1990) The persistence and transfer of learning in industrial settings. Management Sci. 36(2):140–154.Link, Google Scholar
• Argote L, McEvily B, Reagans R (2003) Managing knowledge in organizations: An integrative framework and review of emerging themes. Management Sci. 49(4):571–582.Link, Google Scholar
• Ashforth BE, Mael FA (1989) Social identity theory and the organization. Acad. Management Rev. 14(1):20–39.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ashforth BE, Harrison SH, Corley KG (2008) Identification in organizations: An examination of four fundamental questions. J. Management 34(3):325–374.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Barron J (2006) The Making of a Steinway Concert Grand (Henry Holt and Company, New York).Google Scholar
• Becker HS (1960) Notes on the concept of commitment. Amer. J. Sociology 66(1):32–40.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Becker HS (1982) Art Worlds (University of California Press, Berkeley, CA).Google Scholar
• Beverland MB (2005) Crafting brand authenticity: The case of luxury wines. J. Management Stud. 42(5):1003–1029.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bourdieu P (1993) The Field of Cultural Production (Columbia University Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Carroll GR, Wheaton DR (2009) The organizational construction of authenticity: An examination of contemporary food and dining in the U.S. Res. Organ. Behav. 29:255–282.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Cattani G (2006) Technological pre-adaptation, speciation and emergence of new technologies: How Corning invented and developed fiber optics. Indust. Corporate Change 15(2):285–318.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Cattani G, Ferriani S (2008) A core/Periphery perspective on individual creative performance: Social networks and cinematic achievements in the Hollywood film industry. Organ. Sci. 19(6): 824–844.Link, Google Scholar
• Cattani G, Dunbar R, Shapira Z (2013) Value creation and knowledge loss: The case of Cremonese stringed instruments. Organ. Sci. 24(3):813–830.Link, Google Scholar
• Cattani G, Ferriani S, Allison PD (2014) Insiders, outsiders and the struggle for consecration in cultural fields: A core-periphery perspective. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 78(3):417–447.Google Scholar
• Caves RE (2000) Creative Industries: Contracts Between Art and Commerce (Harvard Business Press, Cambridge, MA).Google Scholar
• Chapin M (2006) 88 Keys—The Making of a Steinway Piano (Amadeus Press, Pompton Plains, NJ).Google Scholar
• Collins JC, Porras JI (1994) Built to last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies (HarperBusiness, New York).Google Scholar
• Cowan R, David PA, Foray D (2000) The explicit economics of knowledge codification and tacitness. Indust. Corporate Change 9(2):211–253.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Crane D (1965) Scientists at major and minor universities: A study of productivity and recognition. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 30(5):699–714.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Crombie D (1995) Piano: A Photographic History of the World’s Most Celebrated Instrument (Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco).Google Scholar
• Csikszentmihályi M (1996) Creativity, Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and Invention (Harper Collins, New York).Google Scholar
• Davis GF (2013) After the corporation. Politics Soc. 41(2):283–308.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Davis MS (1986) “That’s classic!” The phenomenology and rhetoric of successful social theories. Philosophy Soc. Sci. 16(3):285–301.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dolge A (1911) Pianos and Their Makers (Covina Publishing Company, Covina, CA).Google Scholar
• Dutton JM, Thomas A (1984) Treating progress functions as a managerial opportunity. Acad. Management Rev. 9(2):235–247.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Engenström Y, Brown K, Engenström R, Koistinen K (1990) Organizational forgetting: An activity-theoretical perspective. Middleton D, Edwards D, eds. Collective Remembering (Sage, London), 139–168.Google Scholar
• Fine L (2001) The Piano Book (Brookside Press, Boston).Google Scholar
• Fischhoff B (1982) For those condemned to study the past: Heuristics and biases in hindsight. Kahneman D, Slovic P, Tversky A, eds. Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK), 335–354.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Fostle DW (1995) The Steinway Saga: An American Dynasty (Scribner, New York).Google Scholar
• Gans J, Ryall M (2016) Value capture theory: A strategic management review. Strategic Management J. 38(1):17–41.Google Scholar
• Garud R, Nayyar PR (1994) Transformative capacity: Continual structuring by intertemporal technology transfer. Strategic Management J. 15(5):365–385.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Garvin DA (1990) Steinway & Sons. Teaching Note, Harvard Business School 9-682-073, Boston.Google Scholar
• Gavetti G (2012) Toward a behavioral theory of the firm. Organ. Sci. Perspect. 23(1):267–285.Link, Google Scholar
• Ghemawat P, Rivkin JW (1999) Creating competitive advantage. Ghemawat P, ed. Strategy and the Business Landscape: Text and Cases (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ), 49–74.Google Scholar
• Gilpin K (1995) Steinway & Sons Is Sold for $100 Million. The New York Times (April 19), http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/19/business/steinway-sons-is-sold-for-100-million.html.Google Scholar
• Gómez-Mejía LR, Haynes KT, Núñez-Nickel M, Jacobson KJL, Moyano-Fuentes J (2007) Source socioemotional wealth and business risks in family-controlled firms: Evidence from Spanish olive oil mills. Admin. Sci. Quart. 52(1):106–137.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Good EM (2001) Giraffes, Black Dragons and Other Pianos: A Technological History from Cristofori to the Modern Concert Grand (Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA).Google Scholar
• Gourville JT, Lassiter JB (2000) Steinway & Sons: Buying a Legend (A). Harvard Business School Case 9-500-028, Boston.Google Scholar
• Hafner K (2009) A Romance on Three Legs: Glenn Gould’s Obsessive Quest for the Perfect Piano (Bloomsbury, New York).Google Scholar
• Hall JM, Johnson EM (2009) When should a process be art, not science? Harvard Bus. Rev. (March):1–8.Google Scholar
• Hannan MT, Freeman JH (1984) Structural inertia and organizational change. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 49:149–164.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hannan MT, Pólos L, Carroll GR (2007) Logics of Organization Theory: Audiences, Codes, and Ecologies (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hargadon AB, Douglas Y (2001) When innovations meet institutions: Edison and the design of the electric light. Admin. Sci. Quart. 46(3):476–501.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Harris D, Martinez JI, Ward JL (1994) Is strategy different from the family-owned business? Family Bus. Rev. 7(2):159–174.Crossref, Google Scholar
• He H, Brown AD (2013) Organizational identity and organizational identification: A review of the literature and suggestions for future research. Group Organ. Management 38(1):3–35.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hirsch PM (1972) Processing fads and fashions: An organization-set analysis of cultural industry systems. Amer. J. Sociology 77(4):639–659.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hoover CA (1976) Music and musical instruments. Post RC, ed. 1876: A Centennial Exhibition (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC), 138–143.Google Scholar
• Hoover CA (1981) The Steinways and their pianos in the 19th century. J. Amer. Musical Instrument Soc. 7:47–89.Google Scholar
• Johnson V (2007) What is organizational imprinting? Cultural entrepreneurship in the founding of Paris opera. Amer. J. Sociology 113(1):97–127.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jones C, Lorenzen M, Sapsed J (2015) The Oxford Handbook of Creative Industries (Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Karpik L (2010) Valuing the Unique (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kauffman SA (1989) Adaptation on rugged fitness landscapes. Stein DL, ed. Lectures in the Sciences of Complexity: Proceedings of the 1988 Complex Systems Summer School (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA), 517–618.Google Scholar
• Kets de Vries MFR, Carlock RS, Florent-Treacy E (2007) Family Business on the Couch (John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK).Google Scholar
• Kieser A (1994) Why organization theory needs historical analyses—And how this should be performed. Organ. Sci. 5(4):608–620.Link, Google Scholar
• Kotha S, Dunbar RLM (1997) Steinway & Sons. Hill C, Jones G, eds. Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach, 4th ed. (South-Western College Pub, Cincinnati, OH), 90–105.Google Scholar
• Kovács B, Carroll GR, Lehman DW (2014) Authenticity and consumer value ratings: Empirical tests from the restaurant domain. Organ. Sci. 25(2):458–478.Link, Google Scholar
• Lamont M (2012) Toward a comparative sociology of valuation and evaluation. Annual Rev. Sociol. 38(21):201–221.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lampel J, Lant T, Shamsie J (2000) Balancing act: Learning from organizing practices in cultural industries. Organ. Sci. 11(3):263–269.Link, Google Scholar
• Langley A (1999) Strategies for theorizing from process data. Acad. Management Rev. 24(4):691–710.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lave J, Wenger E (1991) Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lenehan M (1982) The making of a Steinway grand. Atlantic Monthly (August):32–54, http://www.sherwinbeach.com/lenehan/K2571.htm.Google Scholar
• Levinthal DA (1997) Adaptation on rugged landscapes. Management Sci. 43(7):934–950.Link, Google Scholar
• Lieberman RK (1995) Steinway & Sons (Yale University Press, New Haven, CT).Google Scholar
• Longenecker JG, Schoen JE (1978) Management of succession in the family business. J. Small Bus. Management 16(3):1–6.Google Scholar
• MacKenzie D, Spinardi G (1995) Tacit knowledge, weapons design, and the uninvention of nuclear weapons. Amer. J. Sociology 101(1):44–99.Crossref, Google Scholar
• March JG (1981) Footnotes to organizational change. Admin. Sci. Quart. 26:563–577.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Merton RK (1968) The Matthew effect in science. Science 159(3810): 56–63.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mintzberg H, Waters WJ (1985) Of strategies, deliberate and emergent. Strategic Management J. 6(3):257–272.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Moeran B (2005) Tricks of the trade: The performance and interpretation of authenticity. J. Management Stud. 42(5):901–922.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Nadler J, Thompson L, Van Boven L (2003) Learning negotiation skills: Four models of knowledge creation and transfer. Management Sci. 49(4):529–540.Link, Google Scholar
• Nelson R, Winter SG (1982) An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change (Belknap Press, Cambridge, MA).Google Scholar
• Nonaka I (1994) A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organ. Sci. 5(1):14–37.Link, Google Scholar
• Polanyi M (1962) Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy (Chicago University Press, Chicago).Google Scholar
• Porter ME (1980) Competitive Strategy (Free Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Porter ME (1985) Competitive Advantage (Free Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Porter ME (1996) What is strategy? Harvard Bus. Rev. 74(November–December):61–78.Google Scholar
• Rao RD, Argote LL (2006) Organizational learning and forgetting: The effects of turnover and structure. Eur. Management Rev. 3(2):77–85.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ratcliffe VR, Isacoff S (2002) Steinway (Chronicle Books, San Francisco).Google Scholar
• Reagans R, McEvily B (2003) Network structure and knowledge transfer: The effect of cohesion and range. Admin. Sci. Quart. 48(2):240–267.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rivkin JW (2000) Imitation of complex strategies. Management Sci. 46(6):824–844.Link, Google Scholar
• Roell CH (1989) The Piano in America, 1890–1940 (University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC).Google Scholar
• Royer S, Simons R, Boyd B, Rafferty A (2008) Promoting family: A contingency model of family business succession. Family Bus. Rev. 21(1):15–30.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rubinstein A (1890) Autobiography of Anton Rubinstein (Little, Brown, and Company, Boston) (translated from Russian by Aline Delano).Google Scholar
• Schelling TC (1956) An essay on bargaining. America Econom. Rev. 46(3):281–306.Google Scholar
• Schnabel A (1988) My Life and Music (Dover Publications, Inc., New York). Reprint.Google Scholar
• Sewell WH Jr (2005) Logics of History: Social Theory and Social Transformation (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Szulanski G (1996) Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management J. 17(Winter Special Issue):27–43.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Thompson JD (1967) Organizations in Action: Social Science Bases of Administrative Theory (McGraw-Hill, New York).Google Scholar
• Townley B, Gulledge E (2015) “The market for symbolic goods”: Translating economic and symbolic capitals in creative industries. Jones C, Lorenzen M, Sapsed J, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Creative Industries (Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK),119–135.Google Scholar
• Tsoukas H (2009) Craving for generality with small N-studies: A Wittgenstein approach towards the epistemology of the particular in organization and management studies. Buchanan DA, Bryman A, eds. The Sage Handbook of Organizational Research Methods (Sage, Los Angeles), 285–301.Google Scholar
• Villalonga B, Amit R (2010) Family control of firms and industries. Financial Management 39(3):863–904.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Walsh JP, Ungson GR (1991) Organizational memory. Acad. Management Rev. 16(1):57–91.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ward JL (1988) The special role of strategic planning for family businesses. Family Bus. Rev. 1(2):105–117.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Weick K (1995) Sensemaking in Organizations (Sage, London).Google Scholar
• Whetten DA (2006) Strengthening the concept of organizational identity. J. Management Inquiry 15(3):219–234.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Winter SG (1987) Knowledge and competence as strategic assets. Teece D, ed. The Competitive Challenge: Strategies for Industrial Innovation and Renewal (Ballinger, Cambridge, MA), 159–184.Google Scholar
• Winter SG, Szulanski G (2001) Replication as strategy. Organ. Sci. 12(6):730–743.Link, Google Scholar
• Yelle LE (1979) The learning curve: Historical review and comprehensive survey. Decision Sci. 10(2):302–328.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Yin RK (1994) Case Study Research Design and Methods (Sage, Beverly Hills, CA).Google Scholar
• Zander U, Kogut B (1995) Knowledge and the speed of the transfer and imitation of organizational capabilities: An empirical test. Organ. Sci. 6(1):76–92.Link, Google Scholar
• Zuckerman EW (1999) The categorical imperative: Securities analysts and the legitimacy discount. Amer. J. Sociology 104(5):1398–1438.Crossref, Google Scholar