Production Chain Organization in the Digital Age: Information Technology Use and Vertical Integration in U.S. Manufacturing

The authors thank Francine Lafontaine, Chad Syverson, Teresa Fort, Avi Goldfarb, Shane Greenstein, Manpreet Hora, and Brian Silverman as well as seminar participants at Harvard Business School, Carnegie Mellon University, Michigan State University, New York University, the University of Calgary, the University of Maryland, the University of Texas at Dallas, the Virtual Digital Economy seminar, the National Bureau of Economic Research Summer Institute and Productivity Lunch, the Research Data Centers Annual Conference, the Workshop on Information Systems and Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Organizational Economics Lunch, the Center for Economic Studies, the ZEW ICT Conference, and the Smith Innovation and Entrepreneurship Conference for helpful feedback. Research assistance was provided by Wang Jin and Jin Woo Chang. The authors are indebted to T. Lynn Riggs, Jim Davis, and Wang Jin for their suggestions and support. All errors remain the authors’ own. Any views expressed are those of the authors and not those of the U.S. Census Bureau. The Census Bureau’s Disclosure Review Board and Disclosure Avoidance Officers have reviewed this information product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and have approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied to this release.