Theoretical and Numerical Comparison of Nine Single-Level Reformulations for Bilevel Programs
Published Online:24 Mar 2026https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2025.1159
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- Received:February 11, 2025
- Accepted:December 24, 2025
- Published Online:March 24, 2026
Copyright © 2026, INFORMS
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Yu-Wei Li, Gui-Hua Lin, Xide Zhu (2026) Theoretical and Numerical Comparison of Nine Single-Level Reformulations for Bilevel Programs. INFORMS Journal on Computing 0(0).
https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2025.1159
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The authors express their sincere gratitude to the area editor, the associate editor, and two anonymous referees for their valuable comments on an earlier version of the paper. All authors contributed equally to this work and are listed in alphabetical order.
