The authors thank D.J. Wu (department editor), the anonymous associate editor, and three reviewers for constructive feedback that significantly improved the article. This study also benefited from insights shared by colleagues and seminar participants at American University, Arizona State University, Hanyang University, London School of Economics and Political Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Temple University, University of Florida, University of Georgia, University of Hong Kong, University of Memphis, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, University of Rochester, and University of Wisconsin-Madison. Additionally, the work was enriched by discussions with conference and workshop participants at the Workshop on Information Systems and Economics, the Conference on Information Systems and Technology, the Statistical Challenges in Electronic Commerce Research, the AI and the Future of Work Conference, and the Conference on Health IT and Analytics, among others. The authors also thank Paul A. Pavlou, Ling Xue, Sunil Wattal, Ting Li, and Michael Barzelay for valuable comments on earlier versions of this work. Finally, the authors acknowledge Prof. Yingwei Huang, who sadly passed away, for invaluable contributions in facilitating access to the data source, as well as generous guidance and support during the early stages of this research. All remaining errors are the authors’ own.