Gender-Based Pricing in Consumer Packaged Goods: A Pink Tax?

Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2023.1452

References

  • Ayres I (1991) Fair driving: Gender and race discrimination in retail car negotiations. Harv. Law Rev. 104(4):817–871.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Ayres I, Siegelman P (1995) Race and gender discrimination in bargaining for a new car. Amer. Econom. Rev. 85(3):304–321.Google Scholar
  • Bessendorf A (2015) From cradle to cane: The cost of being a female consumer. Technical report, NYC Consumer Affairs, New York.Google Scholar
  • Blau FD, Kahn LM (2017) The gender wage gap: Extent, trends, and explanations. J. Econ. Lit. 55(3):789–865.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Bolton P, Dewatripont M (2005) Contract Theory (The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).Google Scholar
  • Bronnenberg BJ, Dubé J-P, Gentzkow M, Shapiro JM (2015) Do pharmacists buy Bayer? Informed shoppers and the brand premium. Quart. J. Econom. 130(4):1669–1726.Google Scholar
  • Busse MR, Israeli A, Zettelmeyer F (2017) Repairing the damage: The effect of gender and price knowledge on auto-repair price quotes. J. Marketing Res. 54(1):75–95.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Chintagunta P, Dubé J-P, Singh V (2003) Balancing profitability and customer welfare in a supermarket chain. Quant. Marketing Econom. 1:111–147.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Cohen MC, Elmachtoub AN, Lei X (2022) Price discrimination with fairness constraints. Management Sci. 68(12):8536–8567.LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Consumer Reports (2010) Men win the battle of the sexes. Consumer Rep. (January), https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2012/05/men-win-the-battle-of-the-sexes/index.htm.Google Scholar
  • Dahl DW, Sengupta J, Vohs KD (2009) Sex in advertising: Gender differences and the role of relationship commitment. J. Consumer Res. 36(2):215–231.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Dubé J-P, Misra S (2023) Personalized pricing and consumer welfare. J. Polit. Econom. 131(1):131–189.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Duesterhaus M, Grauerholz L, Weichsel R, Guittar NA (2011) The cost of doing femininity: Gendered disparities in pricing of personal care products and services. Gender Issues 28:175–191.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Duffin K (2018) The problem with the pink tax. Accessed December 6, 2019, https://www.npr.org/transcripts/667539604.Google Scholar
  • Feldman A, Kirman A (1974) Fairness and envy. Amer. Econom. Rev. 64(6):995–1005.Google Scholar
  • Fisher RJ, Dube L (2005) Gender differences in responses to emotional advertising: A social desirability perspective. J. Consumer Res. 31(4):850–858.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Gao H, Mittal V, Zhang Y (2020) The differential effect of local-global identity among males and females: The case of price sensitivity. J. Marketing Res. 57(1):173–191.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Goldberg PK (1996) Dealer price discrimination in new car purchases: Evidence from the Consumer Expenditure Survey. J. Polit. Econom. 104(3):622–654.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Goldsmith-Pinkham P, Shue K (2023) The gender gap in housing returns. J. Finance 78(2):1097–1145.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Gonzalez Guittar S, Grauerholz L, Kidder EN, Daye SD, McLaughlin M (2022) Beyond the pink tax: Gender-based pricing and differentiation of personal care products. Gender Issues 39:1–23.Google Scholar
  • Govind R, Garg N, Mittal V (2020) Weather, affect, and preference for hedonic products: The moderating role of gender. J. Marketing Res. 57(4):717–738.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Hitsch G, Hortaçsu A, Lin X (2021) Prices and promotions in U.S. retail markets. Quant. Marketing Econom. 19:289–368.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Khan RJ, Jain DC (2005) An empirical analysis of price discrimination mechanisms and retailer profitability. J. Mark. Res. 42(4):516–524.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Lambrecht A, Tucker C (2019) Algorithmic bias? An empirical study of apparent gender-based discrimination in the display of STEM career ads. Management Sci. 65(7):2966–2981.LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Light L (2022) There’s a pink tax on women. Forbes (February 12), https://www.forbes.com/sites/lawrencelight/2022/02/12/theres-a-pink-tax-on-women/?sh=68b1945a7318.Google Scholar
  • Mann M (2018) Feminists in line for free lipstick. New York Times (August 3), https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/03/opinion/pink-tax-feminism-lipstick.html.Google Scholar
  • Meyers-Levy J, Loken B (2015) Revisiting gender differences: What we know and what lies ahead. J. Consumer Psych. 25(1):129–149.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Mussa M, Rosen S (1978) Monopoly and product quality. J. Econom. Theory 18:301–317.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Ozturk OC, He C, Chintagunta P (2022) Do women pay more than men for indirect auto financing? Working paper, Darla Moore School of Business Columbia, SC.Google Scholar
  • Pertschuk M, Dixon PR, Clanton DA, Pitofsky R, Bailey P (1980) FTC policy statement on unfairness. Technical report, Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
  • Scott Morton F, Zettelmeyer F, Silva-Risso J (2003) Consumer information and price discrimination: Does the internet affect the pricing of new cars to women and minorities? Quant. Marketing Econom. 1:65–92.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Shapiro C (1982) Product differentiation and imperfect information: Policy perspectives. FTC Working Paper 70, Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
  • Stigler G (1987) Theory of Price (Macmillan, New York).Google Scholar
  • Varian HR (1975) Two problems in the theory of fairness. J. Public Econom. 5(3–4):249–260.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Varian HR (1989) Price discrimination. Schmalensee R, Willig RD, eds. Handbook of Industrial Organization (Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam), 597–654.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • Wehner MR, Nead KT, Lipoff JB (2017) Association between gender and drug cost for over-the-counter minoxidil. JAMA Dermatol. 153(8):825–826.CrossrefGoogle Scholar
INFORMS site uses cookies to store information on your computer. Some are essential to make our site work; Others help us improve the user experience. By using this site, you consent to the placement of these cookies. Please read our Privacy Statement to learn more.