The authors thank Fred Feinberg for his outstanding support in this project. Also, special thanks to Elizabeth E. Bruch, A. Yeşim Orhun, Nigel Melville, and Mengyao Huang for their valuable feedback on earlier versions of this paper. This work benefited from feedback from colleagues at Reichman University as well as feedback from participants of the University of Michigan, Tel Aviv University, and Emory University marketing, tech and law, and information systems seminars and the Marketing Science conference. Finally, the authors thank their colleagues at the partnering telecom carrier (trademark redacted due to the nondisclosure agreement) who supported their vision, provided invaluable expertise, ensured data quality, and went above and beyond to protect their customers’ privacy. The authors received no payment or compensation of any form in conducting this research. The claims and views of this paper are solely those of the authors. The telecom carrier sharing the data used has rights to review and request changes to the paper for any material that may disclose its brand name, trademarks, and trade secrets. Although this project has benefited from all of this support, all mistakes are solely the authors’ own. Longxiu Tian and Dana Turjeman contributed equally to the manuscript.