Redundant Heterogeneity and Group Performance

References

• Anderson C, Brown CE (2010) The functions and dysfunctions of hierarchy. Res. Organ. Behav. 30:55–89.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Anderson P, Tushman ML (1990) Technological discontinuities and dominant designs: A cyclical model of technological change. Admin. Sci. Quart. 35(4):604–633.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Asch SE (1952) Social Psychology (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Azzi AE (1993) Implicit and category-based allocations of decision-making power in majority-minority relations. J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. 29(3):203–228.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bantel KA, Jackson SE (1989) Top management and innovations in banking: Does the composition of the top team make a difference? Strategic Management J. 10(S1):107–124.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Beal DJ, Cohen RR, Burke MJ, McLendon CL (2003) Cohesion and performance in groups: A meta-analytic clarification of construct relations. J. Appl. Psych. 88(6):989–1004.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Berg DN, Smith KK (1995) Paradox and groups. Groups in Context: A New Perspective on Group Dynamics (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA), 106–132.Google Scholar
• Berman SL, Down J, Hill CWL (2002) Tacit knowledge as a source of competitive advantage in the National Basketball Association. Acad. Management J. 45(1):13–31.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Blau PM (1977) Inequality and Heterogeneity: A Primitive Theory of Social Structure (Free Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Boeker W (1997) Strategic change: The influence of managerial characteristics and organizational growth. Acad. Management J. 40(1):152–170.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bothner MS, Kim Y-K, Smith EB (2012) How does status affect performance? Status as an asset vs. status as a liability in the PGA and NASCAR. Organ. Sci. 23(2):416–433.Link, Google Scholar
• Bothner MS, Smith EB, White HC (2010) A model of robust positions in social networks. Amer. J. Sociol. 116(3):943–992.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bourdieu P (1984) Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).Google Scholar
• Burt RS (2007) Closure an stability: Persistent reputation and enduring relations among bankers and analysts. Rauch JE, ed. The Missing Links: Formation and Decay of Economic Networks (Russell Sage Foundation, New York), 100–143.Google Scholar
• Cannella AA Jr, Park JH, Lee HU (2008) Top management team functional background diversity and firm performance: Examining the roles of team member colocation and environmental uncertainty. Acad. Management J. 51(4):768–784.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Carpenter MA (2002) The implications of strategy and social context for the relationship between top management team heterogeneity and firm performance. Strategic Management J. 23(3):275–284.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Carton AM, Cummings JN (2012) A theory of subgroups in work teams. Acad. Management Rev. 37(3):441–470.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Cartwright D, Zander A (1968) The nature of group cohesiveness. Cartwright D, Zander A, eds. Group Dynamics: Research and Theory, 3rd ed. (Harper & Row, New York), 91–109.Google Scholar
• Cohen BP, Zhou X (1991) Status processes in enduring work groups. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 56(2):179–188.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Deszo CL, Ross DG (2012) Does female representation in top management improve firm performance? A panel data investigation. Strategic Management J. 33(9):1072–1089.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Eisenhardt KM, Schoonhoven CB (1990) Organizational growth: Linking founding team, strategy, environment, and growth among U.S. semiconductor ventures, 1978–1988. Admin. Sci. Quart. 35(3):504–529.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Eklund J, Palmberg J, Wiberg D (2009) Ownership structure, board composition and investment performance. Working Paper 172, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ethiraj SK, Garg P (2012) The division of gains from complementarities in human-capital-intensive activity. Organ. Sci. 23(3):725–742.Link, Google Scholar
• Fishbach A, Dhar R (2005) Goals as excuses or guides: The liberating effect of perceived goal progress on choice. J. Consumer Res. 32(3):370–377.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gibson C, Vermeulen F (2003) A healthy divide: Subgroups as a stimulus for team learning behavior. Admin. Sci. Quart. 48(2):202–239.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gigone D, Hastie R (1993) The common knowledge effect: Information sharing and group judgment. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 65(5): 959–974.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Greening DW, Johnson RA (1997) Managing industrial and environmental crises. Bus. Soc. 36(4):334–361.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Halevy N, Chou EY, Galinksy AD, Murnighan JK (2012) When hierarchy wins: Evidence from the National Basketball Association. Soc. Psych. Personality Sci. 3(4):398–406.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hambrick DC, D’Aveni RA (1992) Top team deterioration as part of the downward spiral of large corporate bankruptcies. Management Sci. 38(10):1445–1466.Link, Google Scholar
• Hambrick DC, Cho TS, Chen MJ (1996) The influence of top management team heterogeneity on firms’ competitive moves. Admin. Sci. Quart. 41(4):659–684.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Harrison DA, Klein KJ (2007) What’s the difference? Diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations. Acad. Management Rev. 32(4):96–107.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Harrison DA, Price KH, Bell MP (1998) Beyond relational demography: Time and the effects of surface-and deep-level diversity on work group cohesion. Acad. Management J. 41:96–107.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hastie R (1986) Experimental evidence on group accuracy. Groffman B, Owne G, eds. Decision Research, Vol. 2 (JAI Press, Greenwich, CT), 129–157.Google Scholar
• Heckman JJ (2000) Polices to foster human capital. Res. Econom. 54(1):3–56.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hoffman LR (1979) Applying experimental research on group problem solving to organizations. J. Appl. Behav. Sci. 15(3):375–391.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hoffman LR, Maier NRF (1961) Quality and acceptance of problem solutions by members of homogeneous and heterogeneous groups. J. Abnormal Soc. Psych. 62(2):401–407.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hong L, Page SE (2004) Groups of diverse problem solvers can outperform groups of high-ability problem solvers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101(46):16385–16389.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jackson SE, Brett JF, Sessa VI, Cooper DM, Julin JA, Peyronnin K (1991) Some differences make a difference: Individual dissimilarity and group heterogeneity as correlates of recruitment, promotions, and turnover. J. Appl. Psych. 76(5):675–689.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Janis IL (1972) Victims of Groupthink: A Psychological Study of Foreign Policy Decisions and Fiascoes (Houghton Mifflin, Boston).Google Scholar
• Kane AA, Argote L, Levine JM (2005) Knowledge transfer between groups via personnel rotation: Effects of social identity and knowledge quality. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 96(1):56–71.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kanter RM (1977) Men and Women of the Corporation (Basic Books, New York).Google Scholar
• Katz R (1982) The effects of group longevity on project communication and performance. Admin. Sci. Quart. 27(1):81–104.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Keidel RW (1987) Team sports models as a generic organizational framework. Human Relations 40(9):591–613.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kilduff GJ, Elfenbein HA, Staw BM (2010) The psychology of rivalry: A relationally dependent analysis of competition. Acad. Management J. 53(5):943–969.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kitano H (2002) Computational systems biology. Nature 420(6912): 206–210.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Korn HJ, Milliken FJ, Lant TK (1992) Top management team change and organizational performance: The influence of succession, composition, and context. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, Las Vegas, NV.Google Scholar
• Kutner MH, Nachtsheim CJ, Neter J, Li W (2004) Applied Linear Statistical Models, 5th ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York).Google Scholar
• Lau DC, Murnighan JK (1998) Demographic diversity and faultlines: The compositional dynamics of organizational groups. Acad. Management Rev. 23(2):325–340.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mannix E, Neale MA (2005) What differences make a difference? Psych. Sci. Public Interest 6(2):31–55.Crossref, Google Scholar
• McLeod PL, Lobel SA, Cox TH (1996) Ethnic diversity and creativity in small groups. Small Group Res. 27(2):248–264.Crossref, Google Scholar
• McPherson M, Smith-Lovin L, Cook JM (2001) Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks. Annual Rev. Sociol. 27:415–444.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Menon T, Phillips KW (2010) Getting even or being at odds? Cohesion in even-and odd-sized small groups. Organ. Sci. 22(3):738–753.Link, Google Scholar
• Milliken FJ, Martins LL (1996) Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Acad. Management Rev. 21(2):402–433.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Moody J, White DR (2003) Structural cohesion and embeddedness: A hierarchical concept of social groups. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 68(1):103–127.Crossref, Google Scholar
• O’Leary MB, Mortensen M (2010) Go (con)figure: The role of competing subgroups in geographically dispersed teams. Organ. Sci. 21(1):115–131.Link, Google Scholar
• O’Reilly CA III, Caldwell DF, Barnett WP (1989) Work group demography, social integration, and turnover. Admin. Sci. Quart. 34(1):21–37.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pelled LH, Eisenhardt KM, Xin KR (1999) Exploring the black box: An analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance. Admin. Sci. Quart. 44(1):1–28.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pfeffer J (1983) Organizational demography. Cummings LL, Staw BM, eds. Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 5 (JAI Press, Greenwich, CT), 299–357.Google Scholar
• Pfeffer J, Davis-Blake A (1986) Administrative succession and organizational performance: How administrator experience mediates the succession effect. Acad. Management J. 29(1):72–83.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Polzer JT, Milton LP, Swann WB Jr (2002) Capitalizing on diversity: Interpersonal congruence in small work groups. Admin. Sci. Quart. 47(2):296–324.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rajaram S, Pereira-Pasarin LP (2010) Collaborative memory: Cognitive research and theory. Perspect. Psych. Sci. 5(6):649–663.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Reagans R, Zuckerman E, McEvily B (2004) How to make the team: Social networks versus demography as criteria for designing effective teams. Admin. Sci. Quart. 49(1):101–133.Google Scholar
• Schneider B (1987) The people make the place. Personnel Psych. 40(3):437–453.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Smith-Lovin L (2007) The strength of weak identities: Social structural sources of self, situation, and emotional experience. Soc. Psych. Quart. 70(2):106–124.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sobel ME (1982) Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Leinhardt S, ed. Sociological Methodology, Vol. 13 (John Wiley & Sons, New York), 290–312.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Stasser G, Titus W (1985) Pooling of unshared information in group decision making: Biased information sampling during discussion. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 48(6):1467–1478.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Staw BM, Hoang H (1995) Sunk costs in the NBA: Why draft order affects playing time and survival in professional basketball. Admin. Sci. Quart. 40(3):474–494.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Stroebe W, Diehl M, Abakoumkin G (1992) The illusion of group effectivity. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 18(5):643–650.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sunstein CR, Hastie R (2008) Four failures of deliberating groups. University of Chicago Law and Economics, Olin Working Paper 401, University of Chicago, Chicago.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Van Knippenberg D, De Dreu CK, Homan AC (2004) Work group diversity and group performance: An integrative model and research agenda. J. Appl. Psych. 89(6):1008–1022.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Vecchio RP, Bullis RC (2001) Moderators of the influence of supervisor–subordinate similarity on subordinate outcomes. J. Appl. Psych. 86(5):884–896.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wagner WG, Pfeffer J, O’Reilly CA III (1984) Organizational demography and turnover in top-management groups. Admin. Sci. Quart. 29(1):74–92.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Watson WE, Kumar K, Michaelsen LK (1993) Cultural diversity’s impact on interaction process and performance: Comparing homogeneous and diverse task groups. Acad. Management J. 36(3): 590–602.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wiersema MF, Bantel KA (1992) Top management team demography and corporate strategic change. Acad. Management J. 35(1):91–121.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Williams KY, O’Reilly CA III (1998) Demography and diversity in organizations: A review of 40 years of research. Staw BM, Cummings LL, eds. Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 20 (JAI Press, Greenwich, CT), 77–140.Google Scholar
• Worthy JC (1950) Organizational structure and employee morale. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 15(2):169–179.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zou X, Ingram P (2013) Bonds and boundaries: Network structure, organizational boundaries and job performance. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 120(1):98–109.Crossref, Google Scholar