When She Brings Home the Job Status: Wives’ Job Status, Status Leakage, and Marital Instability

References

• Aiken LS, West SG (1991) Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA).Google Scholar
• Allen TD (2012) The work–family interface. Kozlowski SJ, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Psychology (Oxford University Press, New York), 1163–1198.Google Scholar
• Anderson C, Hildreth JAD, Howland L (2015) Is the desire for status a fundamental human motive? A review of the empirical literature. Psych. Bull. 14(3):574–601.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Anderson C, Kraus MW, Galinsky AD, Keltner D (2012) The local-ladder effect social status and subjective well-being. Psych. Sci. 23(7):764–771.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Atkinson MP, Greenstein TN, Lang MM (2005) For women, breadwinning can be dangerous: Gendered resource theory and wife abuse. J. Marriage Family 67(5):1137–1148.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Aycan Z, Eskin M (2005) Relative contributions of childcare, spousal support, and organizational support in reducing work-family conflict in men and women: The case of Turkey. Sex Roles 53(7):453–471.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Baber KM, Tucker CJ (2006) The social roles questionnaire: A new approach to measuring attitudes toward gender. Sex Roles 54(7):459–467.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Banks MH, Clegg CW, Jackson PR, Kemp NJ, Stafford EM, Wall TD (1980) The use of the General Health Questionnaire as an indicator of mental health in occupational studies. J. Occupational Psych. 53(3):187–194.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Becker GS (1976) The Economic Approach to Human Behavior (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Becker TE, Atinc G, Breaugh JA, Carlson KD, Edwards JR, Spector PE (2016) Statistical control in correlational studies: 10 essential recommendations for organizational researchers. J. Organ. Behav. 372(2):157–167.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bertrand M, Kamenica E, Pan J (2015) Gender identity and relative income within households. Quart. J. Econom. 130(2):571–614.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Blau PM (1989) Structures of social positions and structures of social relations. Turner J, ed. Theory Building in Sociology (Sage, Newbury Park, CA), 43–59.Google Scholar
• Booth A, Johnson D, Edwards JN (1983) Measuring marital instability. J. Marriage Family 45(2):387–394.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Booth A, Johnson D, White LK, Edwards JN (1986) Divorce and marital instability over the life course. J. Family Issues 7(4):421–442.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Brescoll VL (2011) Who takes the floor and why: Gender, power, and volubility in organizations. Admin. Sci. Quart. 56(4):622–641.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Brescoll VL, Uhlmann EL (2005) Attitudes toward traditional and nontraditional parents. Psych. Women Quart. 29(4):436–445.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Busby DM, Holman TB, Taniguchi N (2001) RELATE: Relationship evaluation of the individual, family, cultural, and couple contexts. Family Relations 50(4):308–316.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Catalyst (2016a) Statistical overview of women in the workplace. Accessed June 6, 2014, http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/statistical-overview-women-workforce.Google Scholar
• Catalyst (2016b) Women CEOs of the S&P 500. Accessed June 6, 2014, http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-ceos-sp-500.Google Scholar
• Cooke L (2006) “Doing” gender in context: Household bargaining and risk of divorce in Germany and the United States. Amer. J. Sociol. 112(2):442–472.Crossref, Google Scholar
• DeMaris A (2010) The 20-year trajectory of marital quality in enduring marriages: Does equity matter? J. Soc. Personal Relationships 27(4):449–471.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Desai SD, Chugh D, Brief AP (2014) The implications of marriage structure for men’s workplace attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors toward women. Admin. Sci. Quart. 59(2):330–365.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dunn MG, Rochlen AB, O’Brien KM (2013) Employee, mother, and partner: An exploratory investigation of working women with states at home fathers. J. Career Development 40(1):3–22.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Eagly AH, Eastwick PW, Johannesen-Schmidt MJ (2009) Possible selves in marital roles: The impact of the anticipated division of labor on the mate preferences of women and men. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 35(4):403–414.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Eagly AH, Wood W, Diekman A (2000) Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: A current appraisal. Eckes T, Trautner HM, eds. The Developmental Social Psychology of Gender (Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ), 123–174.Google Scholar
• Eastwick PW, Eagly AH, Glick P, Johannesen-Schmidt MC, Fiske ST, Blum AMB, et al. (2006) Is traditional gender ideology associated with sex-typed mate preferences? A test in nine nations. Sex Roles 54(9):603–614.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Edwards JR, Rothbard NP (2000) Mechanisms linking work and family: Clarifying the relationship between work and family constructs. Acad. Management Rev. 25(1):178–199.Crossref, Google Scholar
• European Values Study Foundation and World Values Surveys Association (2006) European and World Values Survey four-wave integrated data file, 1981–2004. Análisis Sociológicos Económicos y Políticos (ASEP) and JD Systems (JDS), Madrid; and Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.Google Scholar
• Faulkner RE (1983) Music on Demand: Composers and Careers in the Hollywood Film Industry (Transaction, London).Google Scholar
• Fincham FD, Beach SR (1999) Conflict in marriage: Implications for working with couples. Annual Rev. Psych. 50(1):47–77.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Fincham FD, Linfield KJ (1997) A new look at marital quality: Can spouses feel positive and negative about their marriage? J. Family Psych. 11(4):489–502.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Funk JL, Rogge RD (2007) Testing the ruler with item response theory: Increasing precision of measurement for relationship satisfaction with the Couples Satisfaction Index. J. Family Psych. 21(4):572–583.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gottman JM (2007) Making relationships work. Harvard Bus. Rev. 85(12):45–50.Google Scholar
• Gottman JM (2014) What Predicts Divorce?: The Relationship Between Marital Processes and Marital Outcomes (Psychology Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Gottman JM, Coan J, Carrere S, Swanson C (1998) Predicting marital happiness and stability from newlywed interactions. J. Marriage Family 60(1):5–22.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Greenhaus JH, Beutell NJ (1985) Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Acad. Management Rev. 10(1):76–88.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Grzywacz JG, Marks NF (2000) Reconceptualizing the work-family interface: An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. J. Occupational Health Psych. 5(1):111–126.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Guinness World Records (2012) Highest paid actress (Guinness World Records, London).Google Scholar
• Gulati R, Higgins MC (2003) Which ties matter when? The contingent effects of interorganizational partnerships on IPO success. Strategic Management J. 24(2):127–144.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hatfield E, Cacioppo JT, Rapson RL (1994) Emotional Contagion (Cambridge University Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Hayes AF (2013) Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach (Guilford Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Hayes AF (2015) An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate Behav. Res. 50(1):1–22.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hayes AF, Preacher KJ (2010) Quantifying and testing indirect effects in simple mediation models when the constituent paths are nonlinear. Multivariate Behav. Res. 45(4):627–660.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Helgeson VS (1993) Two important distinctions in social support: Kind of support and perceived versus received. J. Appl. Soc. Psych. 23(10):825–845.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hendrick SS, Hendrick C (2006) Measuring respect in close relationships. J. Soc. Personal Relationships 23(6):881–899.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hettinger VE, Hutchinson DM, Bosson JK (2014) Influence of professional status on perceptions of romantic relationship dynamics. Psych. Men Masculinity 15(4):470–480.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hoobler JM, Masterson CR, Nkomo SM, Michel EJ (2016) The business case for women leaders meta-analysis, research critique, and path forward. J. Management, ePub ahead of print March 2, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206316628643.Google Scholar
• Hornung CA, McCullough BC (1981) Status relationships in dual-employment marriages: Consequences for psychological well-being. J. Marriage Family 43(1):125–141.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hsu D (2004) What do entrepreneurs pay for venture capital affiliation? J. Finance 59(4):1805–1844.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Humberd B, Ladge JJ, Harrington B (2015) The “new” dad: Navigating fathering identity within organizational contexts. J. Bus. Psych. 30(2):249–266.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jackman MR, Jackman RW (1973) An interpretation of the relation between objective and subjective social status. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 38(October):569–582.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jensen M (2006) Should we stay or should we go? Accountability, status anxiety, and client defections. Admin. Sci. Quart. 51(1):97–128.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Johnson MD (2002) The observation of specific affect in marital interactions: Psychometric properties of a coding system and a rating system. Psych. Assessment 14(4):423–438.Crossref, Google Scholar
• King LA, Mattimore LK, King DW, Adam GA (1995) Family support inventory for workers: A new measure of perceived social support from family members. J. Organ. Behav. 16(3):235–258.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Levinger G (1976) A social psychological perspective on marital dissolution. J. Soc. Issues 32(1):21–47.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lindell MK, Whitney DJ (2001) Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. J. Appl. Psych. 86(1):114–121.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Liu G, Vikat A (2007) Does divorce risk depend on spouses’ relative income? A study of marriages from 1981–1998. Canadian Stud. Population 34(2):217–240.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Livingston BA (2014) Bargaining behind the scenes: Spousal negotiation, labor, and work-family burnout. J. Management 40(4):949–977.Crossref, Google Scholar
• MacCallum RC, Browne MW, Sugawara HM (1996) Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psych. Methods 1(2):130–149.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mackey RA, Diemer MA, O’Brien BA (2000) Conflict-management styles of spouses in lasting marriages. Psychotherapy: Theory, Res., Practice, Training 37(2):134–148.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Magee JC, Galinsky AD (2008) Social hierarchy: The self-reinforcing nature of power and status. Acad. Management Ann. 2(1):351–398.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Marr JC, Thau S (2014) Falling from great (and not so great) heights: How initial status position influences performance after status loss. Acad. Management J. 57(1):233–248.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Matthews RA, Kath LM, Barnes-Farrell JL (2010) A short, valid, predictive measure of work–family conflict: Item selection and scale validation. J. Occupational Health Psych. 15(1):75–90.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Meisenbach RJ (2010) The female breadwinner: Phenomenological experience and gendered identity in work/family spaces. Sex Roles 62(1):2–19.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Meunier V, Baker W (2012) Positive couple relationships: The evidence for long-lasting relationship satisfaction and happiness. Roffey S, ed. Positive Relationships (Springer, New York), 73–89.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mundy L (2012) The Richer Sex: How the New Majority of Female Breadwinners Is Transforming Sex, Love, and Family (Simon and Schuster, New York).Google Scholar
• Neeley TB (2013) Language matters: Status loss and achieved status distinctions in global organizations. Organ. Sci. 24(2):476–497.Link, Google Scholar
• Noor NM (2002) The moderating effect of spouse support on the relationship between work variables and women’s work-family conflict. Psychologia 45(1):12–23.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Okimoto TG, Heilman ME (2012) The “bad parent” assumption: How gender stereotypes affect reactions to working mothers. J. Soc. Issues 68(4):704–724.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Omar A, Davidson MJ (2001) Women in management: A comparative cross-cultural overview. Cross Cultural Management: Internat. J. 8(3/4):35–67.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Park LE, Young AF, Eastwick PW, Troisi JD, Streamer L (2016). Desirable but not smart: Preference for smarter romantic partners impairs women’s STEM outcomes. J. Appl. Soc. Psych. 46(3):158–179.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Parks-Stamm EJ, Heilman ME, Hearns KA (2008) Motivated to penalize: Women’s strategic rejection of successful women. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 34(2):237–247.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pettit NC, Yong K, Spataro SE (2010) Holding your place: Reactions to the prospect of status gains and losses. J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. 46(2):396–401.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pierce L, Dahl MS, Nielsen J (2013) In sickness and in wealth: Psychological and sexual costs of income comparison in marriage. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 39(3):359–374.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Podolny JM (2005) Status Signals (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ).Google Scholar
• Podsakoff PM, MacKenzie SB, Podsakoff NP (2012) Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Rev. Psych. 63(1):539–569.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Podsakoff P, MacKenzie S, Lee J, Podsakoff N (2003) Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J. Appl. Psych. 88(5):879–903.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Previti D, Amato PR (2003) Why stay married? Rewards, barriers, and marital stability. J. Marriage Family 65(3):561–573.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Proulx CM, Helms HM, Buehler C (2007) Marital quality and personal well-being: A meta-analysis. J. Marriage Family 69(3):576–593.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Raymo JM (2003) Premarital living arrangements and the transition to first marriage in Japan. J. Marriage Family 65(2):302–315.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Reid E (2012) Men and the ideal worker image. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Boston.Google Scholar
• Repetti R, Wang SW, Saxbe D (2009) Bringing it all back home: How outside stressors shape families’ everyday lives. Current Directions Psych. Sci. 18(2):106–111.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ridgeway CL (1991) The social construction of status value: Gender and other nominal characteristics. Soc. Forces 70(2):367–386.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rochlen AB, McKelley RA, Whittaker TA (2010) Stay-at-home fathers’ reasons for entering the role and stigma experiences: A preliminary report. Psych. Men Masculinity 11(4):279–285.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rogers SJ, May DC (2003) Spillover between marital quality and job satisfaction: Long-term patterns and gender differences. J. Marriage Family 65(2):482–495.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rudman LA (1998) Self-promotion as a risk factor for women: The costs and benefits of counterstereotypical impression management. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 74(3):629–645.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rudman LA, Phelan JE (2008) Backlash effects for disconfirming gender stereotypes in organizations. Brief AP, Staw BM, eds. Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 4 (Elsevier, New York), 61–79.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rudman LA, Moss-Rascusin CA, Phelan J, Nauts S (2012) Status incongruity and backlash effects: Defending the gender hierarchy motivates prejudice against female leaders. J. Experiment. Soc. Psych. 48(1):165–179.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sandberg S (2013) Lean in: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead (Knopf, New York).Google Scholar
• Sandberg JG, Harper JM, Jeffrey Hill E, Miller RB, Yorgason JB, Day RD (2013) “What happens at home does not necessarily stay at home”: The relationship of observed negative couple interaction with physical health, mental health, and work satisfaction. J. Marriage Family 75(4):808–821.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sayer LC, England P, Allison P, Kangas N (2011) She left, he left: How employment and satisfaction affect men’s and women’s decisions to leave marriages. Amer. J. Sociol. 116(6):1982–2018.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Scheepers D, Ellemers N, Sintemaartensdijk N (2009) Suffering from the possibility of status loss: Physiological responses to social identity threat in high status groups. Eur. J. Soc. Psych. 39(6):1075–1092.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schwartz CR (2013) Trends and variation in assortative mating: Causes and consequences. Annual Rev. Sociol. 39(1):451–470.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Serjeant J (2010) The “Oscar curse,” real or Hollywood invention? Accessed May 6, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE62I00M20100319.Google Scholar
• Sharlin SA (1996) Long-term successful marriages in Israel. Contemporary Family Therapy 18(2):225–242.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Shea AJ, Slaney RB, Rice KG (2006) Perfectionism in intimate relationships: The dyadic almost perfect scale. Measurement Evaluation Counseling Development 39(2):107–125.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Singh-Manoux A, Adler N, Marmot MG (2003) Subjective social status: Its determinants and its association with measures of ill-health in the Whitehall II study. Soc. Sci. Medicine 56(6):1321–1333.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Singh-Manoux A, Martikainen P, Ferrie J, Zins M, Marmot M, Goldberg M (2006) What does self rated health measure? Results from the British Whitehall II and French Gazel cohort studies. J. Epidemiology Community Health 60(4):364–372.Crossref, Google Scholar
• South SJ, Trent K, Shen Y (2001) Changing partners: Toward a macrostructural-opportunity theory of marital dissolution. J. Marriage Family 63(3):743–754.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Stuart HC, Moon SH, Casciaro T (2011) The Oscar curse: Status dynamics and gender differences in marital survival. Working paper, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.Google Scholar
• Subramanian S, Jian Lee D (2011) For China’s educated single ladies, finding love is often a struggle. Atlantic (October 19), http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/10/for-chinas-educated-single-ladies-finding-love-is-often-a-struggle/246892/.Google Scholar
• Tichenor VJ (1999) Status and income as gendered resources: The case of marital power. J. Marriage Family 61(3):638–650.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tinsley CH, Howell TM, Amanatullah ET (2015) Who should bring home the bacon? How deterministic views of gender constrain spousal wage preference. Organ. Behav. Human Decision Processes 126(1):37–48.Crossref, Google Scholar
• U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2013) Women in the labor force: A data book. Report 1040. Accessed August 25, 2014, https://www.bls.gov/cps/wlf-databook-2013.pdf.Google Scholar
• U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2014). Working wives in married couple families, 1967–2011. Accessed August 25, 2014, http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2014/ted_20140602.htm.Google Scholar
• Välimäki S, Lämsä AM, Hiillos M (2009) The spouse of the female manager: Role and influence on the woman’s career. Gender Management: Internat. J. 24(8):596–614.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Vinokur AD, van Ryn M (1993) Social support and undermining in close relationships: Their independent effects on the mental health of unemployed persons. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 65(2):350–359.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Washington M, Zajac EJ (2005) Status evolution and competition: Theory and evidence. Acad. Management J. 48(2):281–296.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A (1988) Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 54(6):1063–1070.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wayne JH, Randel AE, Stevens J (2006) The role of identity and work-family support in work-family enrichment and its work-related consequences. J. Vocational Behav. 69(3):445–461.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Westman M (2001) Stress and strain crossover. Human Relations 54(6):717–751.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Westman M, Vinokur AD (1998) Unraveling the relationship of distress levels within couples: Common stressors, empathic reactions, or crossover via social interaction? Human Relations 51(2):137–156.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Westman M, Brough P, Kalliath T (2009) Expert commentary on work–life balance and crossover of emotions and experiences: Theoretical and practice advancements. J. Organ. Behav. 30(5):587–595.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Westman M, Vinokur AD, Hamilton VL, Roziner I (2004) Crossover of marital dissatisfaction during military downsizing among Russian army officers and their spouses. J. Appl. Psych. 89(5): 769–779.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Whisman MA, Uebelacker LA (2006) Impairment and distress associated with relationship discord in a national sample of married or cohabiting adults. J. Family Psych. 20(3):369–377.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wilcox WB, Nock SL (2006) What’s love got to do with it? Equality, equity, commitment and women’s marital quality. Soc. Forces 84(3):1321–1345.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wu Z, Schimmele CM (2005) Repartnering after first union disruption. J. Marriage Family 67(1):27–36.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zuo J, Tang S (2000) Breadwinner status and gender ideologies of men and women regarding family roles. Sociol. Perspect. 43(1):29–43.Crossref, Google Scholar