Distrust in the Balance: The Emergence and Development of Intergroup Distrust in a Court of Law

References

• Andersson LM, Pearson CM (1999) Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Acad. Management Rev. 24(3):452–471.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bamber EM, Iyer VM (2002) Big 5 auditors' professional and organizational identification: Consistency or conflict? Auditing 21(2):21–38.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Becker HS, Geer B (1961) Boys in White: Student Culture in Medical School (University of Chicago Press, Chicago).Google Scholar
• Benamati J, Serva MA, Fuller MA (2006) Are trust and distrust distinct constructs? An empirical study of the effects of trust and distrust among online banking users. Proc. 39th Hawaiian Internat. Conf. System Sci. (IEEE Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA). http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1579534.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bies RJ, Tripp TM (1996) Beyond distrust: “Getting even” and the need for revenge. Kramer R, Tyler T, eds. Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA), 246–260.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bijlsma-Frankema KM (2004) Dilemmas of managerial control in post-acquisition processes. J. Managerial Psych. 19(3):252–268.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Blumer H (1969) Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ).Google Scholar
• Brewer MB (1999) The psychology of prejudice: Ingroup love or outgroup hate? J. Soc. Issues 55(3):429–444.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Brockner J, Siegel PA, Daly JP, Tyler T, Martin C (1997) When trust matters: The moderating effect of outcome favorability. Admin. Sci. Quart. 42(3):558–583.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chambers JR, Melnyk D (2006) Why do I hate thee? Conflict misperceptions and intergroup mistrust. Personality Soc. Psych. Bull. 32(10):1295–1311.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chan M (2003) Corporate espionage and workplace trust/distrust. J. Bus. Ethics 42(1):45–58.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chang YS, Fang SR (2013) Antecedents and distinctions between online trust and distrust: Predicting high- and low-risk Internet behaviors. J. Electronic Commerce Res. 14(2):149–166.Google Scholar
• Cho J (2006) The mechanism of trust and distrust formation and their relational outcomes. J. Retailing 82(1):25–35.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Clark MC, Payne RL (1997) The nature and structure of worker’s trust in management. J. Organ. Behav. 18(3):205–224.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Coleman PT (2003) Characteristics of protracted, intractable conflict: Towards the development of a meta-framework. Peace Conflict: J. Peace Psych. 9(1):1–37.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Coleman PT, Vallacher RR, Nowak A, Bui-Wrzosinska L (2007) Intractable conflict as an attractor: A dynamical systems approach to conflict escalation and intractability. Amer. Behavioral Scientist 50(11):1454–1475.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Constantinople A (1969) An Eriksonian measure of personality development in college students. Development. Psych. 1(4):357–372.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Deutsch M (1971) Conflict and its resolution. Smith CG, ed. Conflict Resolution: Contributions of the Behavioral Sciences (University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, IN), 36–57.Google Scholar
• Dimoka A (2010) What does the brain tell us about trust and distrust? Evidence from a functional neuroimaging study. MIS Quart. 34(3):373–396.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dirks KT, Ferrin DL (2001) The role of trust in organizational settings. Organ. Sci. 12(4):450–467.Link, Google Scholar
• Dirks KT, Ferrin DL (2002) Trust in leadership: Meta-analytical findings and implications for research and practice. J. Appl. Psych. 87(4):611–628.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dirks KT, Lewicki RJ, Zaheer A (2009) Repairing relationships within and between organizations: Building a conceptual foundation. Acad. Management Rev. 34(1):68–84.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Doherty WJ (1982) Attributional style and negative problem solving in marriage. Family Relations 31(2):201–205.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dukerich JM, Kramer R, McLean Parks J (1998) The dark side of identification. Whetten DA, Godfrey PC, eds. Identity in Organizations: Building Theory Through Conversations (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA), 245–256.Google Scholar
• Eisenhardt KM (1989) Building theory from case study research. Acad. Management Rev. 14(4):532–550.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ferrin DL, Kim PH, Cooper CD, Dirks KT (2007) Silence speaks volumes: The effectiveness of reticence in comparison to apology and denial for responding to integrity- and competence-based trust violations. J. Appl. Psych. 92(4):893–908.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Festinger L (1954) A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations 7(2):117–140.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Fiol CM, Pratt MG, O’Connor EJ (2009) Managing intractable identity conflicts. Acad. Management Rev. 34(1):32–55.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Fox A (1974) Beyond Contract: Work, Power and Trust Relations (Faber & Faber, London).Google Scholar
• Friedman RA, Currall SC (2003) Conflict escalation: Dispute exacerbating elements of e-mail communication. Human Relations 56(11):1325–1347.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Fukuyama F (1995) The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity (Free Press, New York).Google Scholar
• Gaertner SL, Dovidio JF (2000) From superordinate goals to decategorization, recategorization, and mutual differentiation. Internat. J. Psych. 35(3–4):193–194.Google Scholar
• Gioia DA, Price KN, Hamilton AL, Thomas JB (2010) Forging an identity: An insider-outsider study of processes involved in the formation of organizational identity. Admin. Sci. Quart. 55(1):1–46.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Glynn MA (2000) When cymbals become symbols: Conflict over organizational identity within a symphony orchestra. Organ. Sci. 11(3):285–298.Link, Google Scholar
• Gouldner AW (1960) The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 25(2):161–178.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hardin R (2004) Distrust: Manifestations and management. Hardin R, ed. Distrust (Russell Sage Foundation, New York), 3–34.Google Scholar
• Kim PH, Dirks KT, Cooper CD (2009) The repair of trust: A dynamic bilateral perspective and multilevel conceptualization. Acad. Management Rev. 34(3):401–423.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Komiak SYX, Benbasat I (2008) A two-process view of trust and distrust building in recommendation agents: A process-tracing study. J. Assoc. Inform. Systems 9(12):727–747.Google Scholar
• Kramer RM (1994) The sinister attribution error—Paranoid cognition and collective distrust in organizations. Motivation Emotion 18(2):199–230.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kramer RM (1996) Divergent realities and convergent disappointments in the hierarchic relation: Trust and the intuitive auditor at work. Kramer RM, Tyler TR, eds. Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA), 216–245.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kramer RM (2004) Collective paranoia: Distrust between social groups. Hardin R, ed. Distrust (Russell Sage Foundation, New York), 136–167.Google Scholar
• Kramer RM (2006) Organizational Trust: A Reader (Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK).Google Scholar
• Kvale S (1996) InterViews: An Introduction to Qualitative Research Interviewing (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA).Google Scholar
• Labianca G, Brass DJ, Gray B (1998) Social networks and perceptions of intergroup conflict: The role of negative relationships and third parties. Acad. Management J. 41(1):55–67.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lee AS (1991) Integrating positivist and interpretative approaches to organizational research. Organ. Sci. 2(4):342–365.Link, Google Scholar
• Lewicki RJ, Tomlinson EC (2003) The effects of reputation and post violation communication on trust and distrust. 16th Annual IACM Conf., Melbourne, VIC, Australia. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=400941.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lewicki RJ, McAllister DJ, Bies RJ (1998) Trust and distrust: New relationships and realities. Acad. Management Rev. 23(3):438–458.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lewis JD, Weigert A (1985) Trust as a social reality. Soc. Forces 63(4):967–985.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Luhmann N (1979) Trust and Power: Two Works (John Wiley & Sons, New York).Google Scholar
• March JG, Olsen JP (1975) Uncertainty of past—Organizational learning under ambiguity. Eur. J. Political Res. 3(2):147–171.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mayer RC, Davis JH, Schoorman FD (1995) An integrative model of organizational trust. Acad. Management Rev. 20(3):709–734.Crossref, Google Scholar
• McKnight DH, Kacmar CJ, Choudhury V (2004) Dispositional trust and distrust distinctions in predicting high- and low-risk Internet expert advice site perceptions. e-Service J. 3(2):35–58.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Miles MB, Huberman AM (1984) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Sourcebook of New Methods (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA).Google Scholar
• Nelson RE (1989) The strength of strong ties: Social networks and intergroup conflict in organizations. Acad. Management J. 32(2):377–401.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Orton JD (1997) From inductive to iterative grounded theory. Zipping the gap between process theory and process data. Scand. J. Management 13:419–438.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ou CX, Sia CL (2010) Consumer trust and distrust: An issue of website design. Internat. J. Human-Comput. Stud. 68(12):913–934.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Perlow LA, Repenning NP (2009) The dynamic of silencing conflict. Res. Organ. Behav. 29:195–223.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pratt MG, Rockman KW, Kaufman JB (2006) Constructing professional identity: The role of work and identity learning cycles in the customization of identity among medical residents. Acad. Management J. 49(2):235–262.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pruitt DG, Kim SH (2004) Social Conflict: Escalation, Stalemate, Settlement (McGraw Hill, Boston).Google Scholar
• Riek BM, Mania EW, Gaertner SL (2006) Intergroup threat and outgroup attitudes: A meta-analytic review. Personality Soc. Psych. Rev. 10(4):336–353.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Robinson SL (1996) Trust and the breach of the psychological contract. Admin. Sci. Quart. 41(4):574–599.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rotter JB (1980) Interpersonal trust, trustworthiness, and gullibility. Amer. Psychologist 35(1):1–7.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rousseau DM, Sitkin SB, Burt RS, Camerer CF (1998) Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Acad. Management Rev. 23(3):393–404.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schoorman FD, Mayer RC, Davis JH (2007) An integrative model of organizational trust: Past, present, and future. Acad. Management Rev. 32(2):344–354.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schutz A (1973) Concept and theory formation in the social sciences. Natanson M, ed. Collected Papers I: The Problem of Social Reality (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague), 48–66.Google Scholar
• Serva MA, Fuller MA, Mayer RC (2005) The reciprocal nature of trust: A longitudinal study of interacting teams. J. Organ. Behav. 26(6):625–648.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sheppard BH, Tuchinsky M (1996) Interfirm relationships: A grammar of pairs. Staw BM, Cummings LL, eds. Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 18 (JAI Press, Greenwich, CT), 331–373.Google Scholar
• Sherif M, Harvey OJ, White BJ, Hood WR, Sherif CW (1961) Intergroup Conflict and Cooperation: The Robbers Cave Experiment (University of Oklahoma, Norman).Google Scholar
• Silverman D (2001) Interpreting Qualitative Data: Methods for Analysing Talk, Text, and Interaction, 2nd ed. (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA).Google Scholar
• Sitkin SB, Pablo A (1992) Reconceptualizing the determinants of risk behavior. Acad. Management Rev. 17(1):9–38.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sitkin SB, Roth NL (1993) Explaining the limited effectiveness of legalistic “remedies” for trust/distrust. Organ. Sci. 4(3):367–392.Link, Google Scholar
• Sitkin SB, Stickel D (1996) The road to hell: The dynamics of distrust in an era of quality. Kramer RM, Tyler TR, eds. Trust in Organizations (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA), 196–215.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sorensen JE, Sorensen TL (1974) The conflict of professionals in bureaucratic organizations. Admin. Sci. Quart. 19(1):98–106.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Stott C, Reicher S (1998) How conflict escalates: The intergroup dynamics of collective football crowd “violence.” Sociology 32(2):353–377.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tomlinson E, Lewicki RJ (2006) Managing distrust in intractable conflicts. Conflict Resolution Quart. 24(2):219–228.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Vandenberg RJ, Scarpello V (2006) A longitudinal assessment of the determinant relationship between employee commitments to the occupation and the organization. J. Organ. Behav. 15(6):535–547.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Von Glinow MA (1983) Controlling the performance of professionals through the creation of congruent environments. J. Bus. Res. 11(3):345–361.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wallace JE (1995) Organizational and professional commitment in professional and nonprofessional organizations. Admin. Sci. Quart. 40(2):228–255.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Woods P (1983) Sociology and the School: An Interactionist Viewpoint (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London).Google Scholar
• Wrightsman LS (1974) Assumptions About Human Nature: A Social-Psychological Analysis (Brooks/Cole, Monterey, CA).Google Scholar
• Yin RK (1990) Case Study Research: Design and Methods, revised ed. (Sage, Newbury Park, CA).Google Scholar
• Youngs GA (1986) Patterns of threat and punishment reciprocity in a conflict setting. J. Personality Soc. Psych. 51(3):541–546.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zand DE (1972) Trust and managerial problem solving. Admin. Sci. Quart. 17(2):229–239.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zucker LG (1986) Production of trust: Institutional sources of economic structure, 1840–1920. Staw BM, Cummings LL, eds. Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 8 (JAI Press, Greenwich, CT), 53–111.Google Scholar