Migration and Innovation: How Foreign R&D Hires Shape Firm-Level Exploration in Their Host Country

References

• Aggarwal VA, Hsu DH, Wu A (2019) Organizing knowledge production teams within firms for innovation. Strategy Sci. 5(1):1–16.Google Scholar
• Agrawal A, Cockburn I, McHale J (2006) Gone but not forgotten: Knowledge flows, labor mobility, and enduring social relationships. J. Econom. Geography 6(5):571–591.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ahuja G (2000) Collaboration networks, structural holes, and innovation: A longitudinal study. Admin. Sci. Quart. 45(3):425–455.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ahuja G, Katila R (2004) Where do resources come from? The role of idiosyncratic situations. Strategic Management J. 25(8–9):887–907.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ahuja G, Lampert CM (2001) Entrepreneurship in the large corporation: A longitudinal study of how established firms create breakthrough inventions. Strategic Management J. 22(6–7):521–543.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Akcigit U, Baslandze S, Stantcheva S (2016) Taxation and the international mobility of inventors. Amer. Econom. Rev. 106(10):2930–2981.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Akcigit U, Grigsby J, Nicholas T (2017) Immigration and the rise of American ingenuity. Amer. Econom. Rev. 107(5):327–331.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Almeida P, Kogut B (1999) Localization of knowledge and the mobility of engineers in regional networks. Management Sci. 45(7):905–917.Link, Google Scholar
• Anckaert PE, Peeters H (2023) This is what you came for? University-industry collaborations and follow-on inventions by the firm. J. Production Innovation Management 40(1):58–85.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Arts S, Fleming L (2018) Paradise of novelty or loss of human capital? Exploring new fields and inventive output. Organ. Sci. 29(6):1074–1092.Link, Google Scholar
• Audia PG, Goncalo JA (2007) Past success and creativity over time: A study of inventors in the hard disk drive industry. Management Sci. 53(1):1–15.Link, Google Scholar
• Bahar D, Choudhury P, Rapoport H (2020) Migrant inventors and the technological advantage of nations. Res. Policy 49(9):103947.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Balachandran S, Hernandez E (2018) Networks and innovation: Accounting for structural and institutional sources of recombination in brokerage triads. Organ. Sci. 29(1):80–99.Link, Google Scholar
• Balsvik R (2011) Is labor mobility a channel for spillovers from multinationals? Evidence from Norwegian manufacturing. Rev. Econom. Statist. 93(1):285–297.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bartholomew S (1997) National systems of biotechnology innovation: Complex interdependence in the global system. J. Internat. Bus. Stud. 28:241–266.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Belderbos R, Faems D, Leten B, Van Looy B (2010) Technological activities and their impact on the financial performance of the firm: Exploitation and exploration within and between firms. J. Production Innovation Management 27:869–882.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Benner MJ, Tushman M (2002) Process management and technological innovation: A longitudinal study of the photography and paint industries. Admin. Sci. Quart. 47(4):676–706.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bernstein S, Diamond R, Jiranaphawiboon A, McQuade T, Pousada B (2022) The contribution of high-skilled immigrants to innovation in the United States. Technical report, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
• Blundell R, Griffith R, Reenen JV (1995) Dynamic count data models of technological innovation. Econom. J. (London) 105(429):333–344.Google Scholar
• Blundell R, Griffith R, Van Reenen J (1999) Market share, market value and innovation in a panel of British manufacturing firms. Rev. Econom. Stud. 66(3):529–554.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Bogers M, Foss NJ, Lyngsie J (2018) The “human side” of open innovation: The role of employee diversity in firm-level openness. Res. Policy 47(1):218–231.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Card D (2001) Immigrant inflows, native outflows, and the local labor market impacts of higher immigration. J. Labor Econom. 19(1):22–64.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Choudhury P, Kim DY (2019) The ethnic migrant inventor effect: Codification and recombination of knowledge across borders. Strategic Management J. 40(2):203–229.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Conti R, Gambardella A, Mariani M (2014) Learning to be Edison: Inventors, organizations, and breakthrough inventions. Organ. Sci. 25(3):833–849.Link, Google Scholar
• Crépon B, Duguet E (1997) Estimating the innovation function from patent numbers: GMM on count panel data. J. Appl. Econometrics 12(3):243–263.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dahlander L, O’Mahony S, Gann DM (2016) One foot in, one foot out: How does individuals’ external search breadth affect innovation outcomes. Strategic Management J. 37:280–302.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Diodato D, Morrison A, Petralia S (2022) Migration and invention in the age of mass migration. J. Econom. Geography 22(2):477–498.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dokko G, Rosenkopf L (2010) Social capital for hire? Mobility of technical professionals and firm influence in wireless standards committees. Organ. Sci. 21(3):677–695.Link, Google Scholar
• Doran K, Yoon C (2020) Immigration and invention: Evidence from the quota acts. Unpublished manuscript, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN.Google Scholar
• Doran K, Gelber A, Isen A (2022) The effects of high-skilled immigration policy on firms: Evidence from visa lotteries. J. Political Econom. 130(10):2501–2533.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Dosi G (1988) Sources, procedures, and microeconomic effects of innovation. J. Econom. Literature 26(3):1120–1171.Google Scholar
• Galindo-Rueda F, Haskel J (2005) Skills, workforce characteristics and firm-level productivity: Evidence from the matched abi/employer skills survey. IZA Discussion Paper No. 1542, IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Germany.Google Scholar
• Ganco M, Miller CD, Toh PK (2020) From litigation to innovation: Firms’ ability to litigate and technological diversification through human capital. Strategic Management J. 41(13):2436–2473.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Ganguli I (2015) Immigration and ideas: What did Russian scientists “bring” to the United States? J. Labor Econom. 33(S1):S257–S288.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Glennon B (2023) How do restrictions on high-skilled immigration affect offshoring? Evidence from the H-1B program. Management Sci., ePub ahead of print March 15, https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4715.Google Scholar
• Grant RM (1996) Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management J. 17(S2):109–122.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Grant RM, Baden-Fuller C (2004) A knowledge accessing theory of strategic alliances. J. Management Stud. 41(1):61–84.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Griliches Z (1967) Production functions in manufacturing: Some preliminary results. The Theory and Empirical Analysis of Production (NBER, Cambridge, MA), 275–340.Google Scholar
• Hausman JA, Hall BH, Griliches Z (1984) Econometric Models for Count Data with an Application to the Patents-R&D Relationship (National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hellerstein JK, Neumark D, Troske KR (1999) Wages, productivity, and worker characteristics: Evidence from plant-level production functions and wage equations. J. Labor Econom. 17(3):409–446.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hernandez E (2014) Finding a home away from home: Effects of immigrants on firms’ foreign location choice and performance. Admin. Sci. Quart. 59(1):73–108.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hornung E (2014) Immigration and the diffusion of technology: The Huguenot diaspora in Prussia. Amer. Econom. Rev. 104(1):84–122.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hunt J, Gauthier-Loiselle M (2010) How much does immigration boost innovation? 1 ^ studied immigration impact on a variety of host country. Amer. Econom. J. Macroeconom. 2(2):31–56.Crossref, Google Scholar
• ILO (2004) International standard classification of occupations. Accessed October 13, 2023, https://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/stat/isco/isco88/2.htm.Google Scholar
• Jacobsen Kleven H, Landais C, Saez E, Schultz E (2014) Migration and wage effects of taxing top earners: Evidence from the foreigners ‘ tax scheme in Denmark. Quart. J. Econom. 129(1):333–378.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jain A (2016) Learning by hiring and change to organizational knowledge: Countering obsolescence as organizations age. Strategic Management J. 37(8):1667–1687.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jeppesen LB, Lakhani KR (2010) Marginality and problem-solving effectiveness in broadcast search. Organ. Sci. 21(5):1016–1033.Link, Google Scholar
• Kaiser U, Kongsted HC, Rønde T (2015) Does the mobility of R&D labor increase innovation? J. Econom. Behav. Organ. 110:91–105.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kaiser U, Kongsted HC, Laursen K, Ejsing AK (2018) Experience matters: The role of academic scientist mobility for industrial innovation. Strategic Management J. 39(7):1935–1958.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Katila R, Ahuja G (2002) Something old, something new: A longitudinal study of search behavior and new product introduction. Acad. Management J. 45(6):1183–1194.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Katz R, Allen TJ (1982) Investigating the not invented here (NIH) syndrome: A look at the performance, tenure, and communication patterns of 50 R & D project groups. Res. Management 12(1):7–20.Google Scholar
• Kerr WR (2008) Ethnic scientific communities and international technology diffusion. Rev. Econom. Statist. 90(3):518–537.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kerr WR, Lincoln WF (2010) The supply side of innovation: H-IB visa reforms and U.S. ethnic invention. J. Labor Econom. 28(3):473–508.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kim J, Marschke G (2005) Labor mobility of scientists, technological diffusion, and the firm’s patenting decision. RAND J. Econom. 36(2):298–317.Google Scholar
• Kogut B, Zander U (1992) Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology. Organ. Sci. 3(3):383–397.Link, Google Scholar
• Laursen K, Salter A (2006) Open for innovation: The role of openness in explaining innovation performance among U.K. manufacturing firms. Strategic Management J. 27(2):131–150.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Laursen K, Leten B, Nguyen NH, Vancauteren M (2020) Mounting corporate innovation performance: The effects of high-skilled migrant hires and integration capacity. Res. Policy June:104034.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lee S (2019) Learning-by-moving: Can reconfiguring spatial proximity between organizational members promote individual-level exploration? Organ. Sci. 30(3):467–488.Link, Google Scholar
• Lee DMS, Allen TJ (1982) Integrating new technical staff: Implications for acquiring new technology. Management Sci. 28(12):1405–1420.Link, Google Scholar
• Levinthal DA, March JG (1993) The myopia of learning. Strategic Management J. 14(2S):95–112.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Lissoni F (2018) International migration and innovation diffusion: An eclectic survey. Registration Stud. 52(5):702–714.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Malchow-Møller N, Munch JR, Skaksen JR (2019) Do foreign experts increase the productivity of domestic firms? Scandinavian J. Econom. 121(2):517–546.Crossref, Google Scholar
• March JG (1991) Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organ. Sci. 2(1):71–87.Link, Google Scholar
• Menon T, Pfeffer J (2003) Valuing internal vs. external knowledge: Explaining the preference for outsiders. Management Sci. 49(4):497–513.Link, Google Scholar
• Moretti E, Wilson D (2017) The effect of state taxes on the geographical location of top earners: Evidence from star scientists. Amer. Econom. Rev. 107(7):1858–1903.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Moser P, San S (2020) Immigration, science, and invention. Lessons from the Quota acts. Preprint, submitted March 21, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3558718.Google Scholar
• Moser P, Voena A, Waldinger F (2018) American economic association German Jewish émigrés and US invention. Amer. Econom. Rev. 104(10):3222–3255.Google Scholar
• Oettl A, Agrawal A (2008) International labor mobility and knowledge flow externalities. J. Internat. Bus. Stud. 39(8):1242–1260.Crossref, Google Scholar
• O’Hara R, Kotze J (2010) Do not log-transform count data. Nature Proc. 1:1.Google Scholar
• Østergaard CR, Timmermans B, Kristinsson K (2011) Does a different view create something new? The effect of employee diversity on innovation. Res. Policy 40(3):500–509.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Parrotta P, Pozzoli D, Pytlikova M (2014) The nexus between labor diversity and firm’s innovation. J. Population Econom. 27(2):303–364.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Paruchuri S, Awate S (2017) Organizational knowledge networks and local search: The role of intra-organizational inventor networks. Strategic Management J. 38(3):657–675.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Peeters H, Callaert J, Van Looy B (2020) Do firms profit from involving academics when developing technology? J. Tech. Transfer 45(2):494–521.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pelz DC, Andrews FM (1966) Autonomy, coordination, and stimulation, in relation to scientific achievement. Behav. Sci. 11(2):89–97.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Phene A, Fladmoe-Lindquist K, Marsh L (2006) Breakthrough innovations in the U.S. biotechnology industry: The effects of technological space and geographic origin. Strategic Management J. 27(4):369–388.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rosenkopf L, Almeida P (2003) Overcoming local search through alliances and mobility. Management Sci. 49(6):751–766.Link, Google Scholar
• Saxenian A (1999) Silicon Valley’s New Immigrant Entrepreneurs (Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco).Google Scholar
• Saxenian A (2007) The New Argonauts: Regional Advantage in a Global Economy (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Scalera VG, Perri A, Hannigan TJ (2018) Knowledge connectedness within and across home country borders: Spatial heterogeneity and the technological scope of firm innovations. J. Internat. Bus. Stud. 49(8):990–1009.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schmoch U (2008) Concept of a technology classification for country comparisons: Final Report to the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe, Germany.Google Scholar
• Shaver JM (2019) Interpreting interactions in linear fixed-effect regression models: When fixed-effect estimates are no longer within-effects. Strategy Sci. 4(1):25–40.Link, Google Scholar
• Singh J, Agrawal A (2011) Recruiting for ideas: How firms exploit the prior inventions of new hires. Management Sci. 57(1):129–150.Link, Google Scholar
• Soete L (1987) The impact of technological innovation on international trade patterns: The evidence reconsidered. Res. Policy 16(2–4):101–130.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Solheim MC, Fitjar RD (2018) Foreign workers are associated with innovation, but why? International networks as a mechanism. Internat. Regulatory Sci. Rev. 41(3):311–334.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Song J, Almeida P, Wu G (2003) Learning-by-hiring: When is mobility more likely to facilitate interfirm knowledge transfer? Management Sci. 49(4):351–365.Link, Google Scholar
• Stuart TE, Podolny JM (1996) Local search and the evolution of technological capabilities. Strategic Management J. 17(S1):21–38.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tzabbar D (2009) When does scientist recruitment affect technological repositioning? Acad. Management J. 52(5):873–896.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tzabbar D, Vestal A (2015) Bridging the social chasm in geographically distributed R&D teams: The moderating effects of relational strength and status asymmetry on the novelty of team innovation. Organ. Sci. 26(3):811–829.Link, Google Scholar
• Zahra SA, George G (2002) Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Acad. Management Rev. 27(2):185–203.Crossref, Google Scholar