Founder Turnover and Organizational Change

References

• Abowd JJ, Haltiwanger J, Lane J (2004) Integrated longitudinal employer-employee data for the United States. Amer. Econom. Rev. 94(2):224–229. 10.1257/0002828041301812Crossref, Google Scholar
• Adner R, Helfat CE (2003) Corporate effects and dynamic managerial capabilities. Strategic Management J. 24(10):1011–1025. 10.1002/smj.331Crossref, Google Scholar
• Agarwal R, Moeen M, Shah SK (2017) Athena’s birth: Triggers, actors, and actions preceding industry inception. Strategic Entrepreneurship J. 11(3):287–305. 10.1002/sej.1259Crossref, Google Scholar
• Aldrich HE, Yang T (2012) What did Stinchcombe really mean? Designing research to test the liability of newness among new ventures. Entrepreneurship Res. J. 2(3). https://doi.org/10.1515/2157-5665.1077Crossref, Google Scholar
• Azoulay P, Graff Zivin JS, Wang J (2010) Superstar extinction. Quart. J. Econom. 125(2):549–589. 10.1162/qjec.2010.125.2.549Crossref, Google Scholar
• Azoulay P, Jones BF, Kim JD, Miranda J (2022) Immigration and entrepreneurship in the United States. Amer. Econom. Rev. Insights 4(1):71–88. 10.1257/aeri.20200588Crossref, Google Scholar
• Azoulay P, Wahlen JM, Zuckerman Sivan EW (2019) Death of the salesman but not the sales force: How interested promotion skews scientific valuation. Amer. J. Sociol. 125(3):786–845. 10.1086/706800Crossref, Google Scholar
• Barnett WP, Carroll GR (1995) Modeling internal organizational change. Annual Rev. Sociol. 21(1):217–236. 10.1146/annurev.so.21.080195.001245Crossref, Google Scholar
• Baron JN, Hannan MT, Diane Burton M (2001) Labor pains: Change in organizational models and employee turnover in young, high‐tech firms. Amer. J. Sociol. 106(4):960–1012. 10.1086/320296Crossref, Google Scholar
• Beatty RP, Zajac EJ (1987) CEO change and firm performance in large corporations: Succession effects and manager effects. Strategic Management J. 8(4):305–317. 10.1002/smj.4250080402Crossref, Google Scholar
• Beckman CM, Burton MD (2008) Founding the future: Path dependence in the evolution of top management teams from founding to IPO. Organ. Sci. 19(1):3–24. 10.1287/orsc.1070.0311Link, Google Scholar
• Beckman CM, Phillips DJ (2005) Interorganizational determinants of promotion: Client leadership and the attainment of women attorneys. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 70(4):678–701. 10.1177/000312240507000407Crossref, Google Scholar
• Berglann H, Moen ER, Røed K, Skogstrøm JF (2011) Entrepreneurship: Origins and returns. Labour Econom. 18(2):180–193. 10.1016/j.labeco.2010.10.002Crossref, Google Scholar
• Blank S (2017) When founders go too far. Harvard Bus. Rev. (November 1), https://hbr.org/2017/11/when-founders-go-too-far.Google Scholar
• Boeker W, Karichalil R (2002) Entrepreneurial transitions: Factors influencing founder departure. Acad. Management J. 45(4):818–826. 10.5465/3069314Crossref, Google Scholar
• Boeker W, Wiltbank R (2005) New venture evolution and managerial capabilities. Organ. Sci. 16(2):123–133. 10.1287/orsc.1050.0115Link, Google Scholar
• Botelho TL, Fehder D, Hochberg Y (2021) Innovation-driven entrepreneurship. NBER Working Paper No. 28990, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
• Burgelman RA (1994) Fading memories: A process theory of strategic business exit in dynamic environments. Admin. Sci. Quart. 39(1):24–56. 10.2307/2393493Crossref, Google Scholar
• Burt RS (1992) Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition, 1st ed. (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).Crossref, Google Scholar
• Burton MD, Anderson PC, Aldrich HE (2009) Owner founders, nonowner founders and helpers. Curtin RT, Reynolds PD, eds. New Firm Creation in the United States: Initial Explorations with the PSED II Data Set, International Studies in Entrepreneurship (Springer, New York), 115–133.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Busenitz LW, Barney JB (1997) Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: Biases and heuristics in strategic decision-making. J. Bus. Venturing 12(1):9–30.Google Scholar
• Campbell BA, Ganco M, Franco AM, Agarwal R (2012) Who leaves, where to, and why worry? Employee mobility, entrepreneurship and effects on source firm performance. Strategic Management J. 33(1):65–87. 10.1002/smj.943Crossref, Google Scholar
• Camuffo A, Cordova A, Gambardella A, Spina C (2019) A scientific approach to entrepreneurial decision making: Evidence from a randomized control trial. Management Sci. 66(2):564–586. 10.1287/mnsc.2018.3249Link, Google Scholar
• Carnahan S (2017) Blocked but not tackled: Who founds new firms when rivals dissolve? Strategic Management J. 38(11):2189–2212. 10.1002/smj.2653Crossref, Google Scholar
• Castanias RP, Helfat CE (1991) Managerial resources and rents. J. Management 17(1):155–171. 10.1177/014920639101700110Crossref, Google Scholar
• Cetorelli N, Jacobides MG, Stern S (2021) Mapping a sector’s scope transformation and the value of following the evolving core. Strategic Management J. 42(12):2294–2327.Google Scholar
• Chatterji AK (2009) Spawned with a silver spoon? Entrepreneurial performance and innovation in the medical device industry. Strategic Management J. 30(2):185–206. 10.1002/smj.729Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chen G, Crossland C, Huang S (2019) That could have been me: Director deaths, CEO mortality salience, and corporate prosocial behavior. Management Sci. 66(7):3142–3161. 10.1287/mnsc.2019.3348Link, Google Scholar
• Chen J, Elfenbein D, Posen H, Ming ZW (2020) The problems and promise of entrepreneurial partnerships: Decision making, overconfidence, and learning in founding teams. Acad. Management Rev. 47(3):489–520.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Chen J, Thompson P (2015) New firm performance and the replacement of founder-CEOs. Strategic Entrepreneurship J. 9(3):243–262. 10.1002/sej.1203Crossref, Google Scholar
• Choi J, Goldschlag N, Haltiwanger J, Daniel Kim J (2021) Early joiners and startup performance. NBER Working Paper No. 28417, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
• Christensen CM (1997) The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail (Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge, MA).Google Scholar
• Cozzolino PJ, Staples AD, Meyers LS, Samboceti J (2004) Greed, death, and values: From terror management to transcendence management theory. Peronality Soc. Psych. Bull. 30(3):278–292. 10.1177/0146167203260716Crossref, Google Scholar
• Cyert RM, March JG (1963) A Behavioral Theory of Firm, 2nd ed. (Wiley-Blackwell, Cambridge, MA).Google Scholar
• Dahl MS, Sorenson O (2009) The embedded entrepreneur. Eur. Management Rev. 6(3):172–181. 10.1057/emr.2009.14Crossref, Google Scholar
• de Meza D, Southey C (1996) The borrower’s curse: Optimism, finance and entrepreneurship. Econom. J. 106(435):375–386. 10.2307/2235253Google Scholar
• Delacroix J, Swaminathan A (1991) Cosmetic, speculative, and adaptive organizational change in the wine industry: A longitudinal study. Admin. Sci. Quart. 36(4):631–661. 10.2307/2393277Crossref, Google Scholar
• DeSantola A, Gulati R (2017) Scaling: Organizing and growth in entrepreneurial ventures. Acad. Management Ann. 11(2):640–668. 10.5465/annals.2015.0125Crossref, Google Scholar
• DiMaggio PJ, Powell WW (1983) The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 48(2):147–160. 10.2307/2095101Crossref, Google Scholar
• Eesley C, Wu L (2020) For startups, adaptability and mentor network diversity can be pivotal: Evidence from a randomized experiment on a MOOC platform. MIS Quart. 44(2):661–697.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Eggers JP, Kaplan S (2008) Cognition and renewal: Comparing CEO and organizational effects on incumbent adaptation to technical change. Organ. Sci. 20(2):461–477. 10.1287/orsc.1080.0401Link, Google Scholar
• Ewens M, Marx M (2018) Founder replacement and startup performance. Rev. Financial Stud. 31(4):1532–1565. 10.1093/rfs/hhx130Crossref, Google Scholar
• Folta TB (2007) Uncertainty rules the day. Strategic Entrepreneurship J. 1(1–2):97–99. 10.1002/sej.7Crossref, Google Scholar
• Forbes DP (2005) Are some entrepreneurs more overconfident than others? J. Bus. Venturing 20(5):623–640. 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.05.001Crossref, Google Scholar
• Frake J (2016) Selling out: The inauthenticity discount in the craft beer industry. Management Sci. 63(11):3930–3943. 10.1287/mnsc.2016.2517Link, Google Scholar
• Franco AM, Filson D (2006) Spin-outs: Knowledge diffusion through employee mobility. RAND J. Econom. 37(4):841–860. 10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00060.xCrossref, Google Scholar
• Freeman J, Carroll GR, Hannan MT (1983) The liability of newness: Age dependence in organizational death rates. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 48(5):692–710. 10.2307/2094928Crossref, Google Scholar
• Frese M, Gielnik MM (2014) The psychology of entrepreneurship. Annual Rev. Organ. Psych. Organ. Behav. 1(1):413–438. 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091326Crossref, Google Scholar
• Gibbons R, Henderson R (2011) Relational contracts and organizational capabilities. Organ. Sci. 23(5):1350–1364. 10.1287/orsc.1110.0715Link, Google Scholar
• Gompers P, Lerner J, Scharfstein D (2005) Entrepreneurial spawning: Public corporations and the genesis of new ventures, 1986 to 1999. J. Finance 60(2):577–614. 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00740.xCrossref, Google Scholar
• Grimes MG (2017) The pivot: How founders respond to feedback through idea and identity work. Acad. Management J. 61(5):1692–1717. 10.5465/amj.2015.0823Crossref, Google Scholar
• Guzman J, Stern S (2020) The state of American entrepreneurship: New estimates of the quantity and quality of entrepreneurship for 32 US states, 1988–2014. Amer. Econom. J.: Econom. Policy 12(4):212–243.Google Scholar
• Hallen BL, Eisenhardt KM (2012) Catalyzing strategies and efficient tie formation: How entrepreneurial firms obtain investment ties. Acad. Management J. 55(1):35–70. 10.5465/amj.2009.0620Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hambrick DC, Fukutomi GDS (1991) The seasons of a CEO’s tenure. Acad. Management Rev. 16(4):719–742. 10.5465/amr.1991.4279621Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hambrick DC, Geletkanycz MA, Fredrickson JW (1993) Top executive commitment to the status quo: Some tests of its determinants. Strategic Management J. 14(6):401–418. 10.1002/smj.4250140602Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hamilton E (2006) Whose story is it anyway?: Narrative accounts of the role of women in founding and establishing family businesses. Internat. Small Bus. J. 24(3):253–271. 10.1177/0266242606063432Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hampel CE, Tracey P, Weber K (2019) The art of the pivot: How new ventures manage identification relationships with stakeholders as they change direction. Acad. Management J. 63(2):440–471. 10.5465/amj.2017.0460Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hannan MT, Freeman J (1984) Structural inertia and organizational change. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 49(2):149–164. 10.2307/2095567Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hayward MLA, Shepherd DA, Griffin D (2006) A hubris theory of entrepreneurship. Management Sci. 52(2):160–172. 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0483Link, Google Scholar
• Hecker DE (2005) High-technology employment: A NAICS-based update. Monthly Labor Rev. 128(7):57–72.Google Scholar
• Helmich DL (1975) Corporate succession: An examination. Acad. Management J. 18(3):429–441. 10.5465/255674Crossref, Google Scholar
• Henderson RM, Clark KB (1990) Architectural innovation: The reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms. Admin. Sci. Quart. 35(1):9–30. 10.2307/2393549Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hendricks B, Howell T, Bingham C (2021) Research: How long should a founder remain CEO? Harvard Bus. Rev. (December 17, 2021), https://hbr.org/2021/12/research-how-long-should-a-founder-remain-ceo.Google Scholar
• Herrmann P, Nadkarni S (2014) Managing strategic change: The duality of CEO personality. Strategic Management J. 35(9):1318–1342. 10.1002/smj.2156Crossref, Google Scholar
• Hsu DH, Lim K (2014) Knowledge brokering and organizational innovation: Founder imprinting effects. Organ. Sci. 25(4):1134–1153. 10.1287/orsc.2013.0863Link, Google Scholar
• Hurst E, Pugsley BW (2011) What do small businesses do? Brookings Papers Econom. Activity 43(Fall):73–142.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Iacus SM, King G, Porro G (2012) Causal inference without balance checking: Coarsened exact matching. Political Anal. 20(1):1–24. 10.1093/pan/mpr013Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jaravel X, Petkova N, Bell A (2018) Team-specific capital and innovation. Amer. Econom. Rev. 108(4–5):1034–1073. 10.1257/aer.20151184Crossref, Google Scholar
• Jarmin RS, Miranda J (2002) The longitudinal business database. Working Paper No. 02-17, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
• Kacperczyk A, Beckman CM, Moliterno TP (2015) Disentangling risk and change: Internal and external social comparison in the mutual fund industry. Admin. Sci. Quart. 60(2):228–262. 10.1177/0001839214566297Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kacperczyk AJ (2012) Opportunity structures in established firms: Entrepreneurship versus intrapreneurship in mutual funds. Admin. Sci. Quart. 57(3):484–521. 10.1177/0001839212462675Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kaplan SN, Sensoy BA, Strömberg P (2009) Should investors bet on the jockey or the horse? Evidence from the evolution of firms from early business plans to public companies. J. Finance 64(1):75–115. 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2008.01429.xCrossref, Google Scholar
• Karaevli A, Zajac EJ (2013) When do outsider CEOs generate strategic change? The enabling role of corporate stability. J. Management Stud. 50(7):1267–1294. 10.1111/joms.12046Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kerr SP, Kerr WR (2020) Immigrant entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the survey of business owners 2007 & 2012. Res. Policy 49(3):103918.Google Scholar
• Kim JD (2022) Startup acquisitions, relocation, and employee entrepreneurship. Strategic Management J. 43(11):2189–2216. 10.1002/smj.3408Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kim S (2021) Frame restructuration: The making of an alternative business incubator amid Detroit’s crisis. Admin. Sci. Quart. 66(3):753–805.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Kirtley J, O’Mahony S (2023) What is a pivot? Explaining when and how entrepreneurial firms decide to make strategic change and pivot. Strategic Management J. 44(1):197–230.Google Scholar
• Klepper S, Sleeper S (2005) Entry by spinoffs. Management Sci. 51(8):1291–1306. 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0411Link, Google Scholar
• Knott AM, Vieregger C (2020) Reconciling the firm size and innovation puzzle. Organ. Sci. 31(2):477–488. 10.1287/orsc.2019.1310Link, Google Scholar
• Koellinger P, Minniti M, Schade C (2007) ‘I think I can, I think I can’: Overconfidence and entrepreneurial behavior. J. Econom. Psych. 28(4):502–527. 10.1016/j.joep.2006.11.002Crossref, Google Scholar
• Koning R, Hasan S, Chatterji A (2022) Experimentation and start-up performance: Evidence from A/B testing. Management Sci. 68(9):6434–6453.Google Scholar
• Kulchina E, Gjerløv-Juel P (2019) Entrepreneur—a jockey or a horse owner? Preprint, submitted August 23 http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3441997.Google Scholar
• Lee JM, Kim J, Bae J (2020) Founder CEOs and innovation: Evidence from CEO sudden deaths in public firms. Res. Policy 49(1):103862. 10.1016/j.respol.2019.103862Crossref, Google Scholar
• Maidique MA (1984) Entrepreneurs, champions, and technological innovation. IEEE Engrg. Management Rev. 12(1):24–40. 10.1109/EMR.1984.4306040Crossref, Google Scholar
• Marquis C, Tilcsik A (2013) Imprinting: Toward a multilevel theory. Acad. Management Ann. 7(1):195–245. 10.5465/19416520.2013.766076Crossref, Google Scholar
• Mawdsley JK, Somaya D (2016) Employee mobility and organizational outcomes: An integrative conceptual framework and research agenda. J. Management 42(1):85–113. 10.1177/0149206315616459Crossref, Google Scholar
• McDonald R, Gao C (2019) Pivoting isn’t enough? Managing strategic reorientation in new ventures. Organ. Sci. 30(6):1289–1318. 10.1287/orsc.2019.1287Link, Google Scholar
• McDonald RM, Eisenhardt KM (2020) Parallel play: Startups, nascent markets, and effective business-model design. Admin. Sci. Quart. 65(2):483–523. 10.1177/0001839219852349Crossref, Google Scholar
• McMullen JS, Shepherd DA (2006) Entrepreneurial action and the role of uncertainty in the theory of the entrepreneur. Acad. Management Rev. 31(1):132–152. 10.5465/amr.2006.19379628Crossref, Google Scholar
• Miller D (1993) Some organizational consequences of CEO succession. Acad. Management J. 36(3):644–659. 10.5465/256597Crossref, Google Scholar
• Moeen M, Agarwal R, Shah SK (2020) Building industries by building knowledge: Uncertainty reduction over industry milestones. Strategy Sci. 5(3):218–244. 10.1287/stsc.2020.0103Link, Google Scholar
• Nanda R, Sørensen JB (2010) Workplace peers and entrepreneurship. Management Sci. 56(7):1116–1126. 10.1287/mnsc.1100.1179Link, Google Scholar
• Nelson SC, Katzenstein PJ (2014) Uncertainty, risk, and the financial crisis of 2008. Internat. Organ. 68(2):361–392.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Oettl A (2012) Reconceptualizing stars: Scientist helpfulness and peer performance. Management Sci. 58(6):1122–1140. 10.1287/mnsc.1110.1470Link, Google Scholar
• Ozcan P, Eisenhardt KM (2009) Origin of alliance portfolios: Entrepreneurs, network strategies, and firm performance. Acad. Management J. 52(2):246–279. 10.5465/amj.2009.37308021Crossref, Google Scholar
• Packard MD, Clark BB, Klein PG (2017) Uncertainty types and transitions in the entrepreneurial process. Organ. Sci. 28(5):840–856. 10.1287/orsc.2017.1143Link, Google Scholar
• Parker SC (2006) Learning about the unknown: How fast do entrepreneurs adjust their beliefs? J. Bus. Venturing 21(1):1–26. 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.07.005Crossref, Google Scholar
• Perrow C (1967) A framework for the comparative analysis of organizations. Amer. Sociol. Rev. 32(2):194–208. 10.2307/2091811Crossref, Google Scholar
• Pfeffer J (1981) Power in Organizations (Pitman Publishing, Lanham, MD).Google Scholar
• Phillips DJ (2005) Organizational genealogies and the persistence of gender inequality: The case of Silicon Valley law firms. Admin. Sci. Quart. 50(3):440–472. 10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.440Crossref, Google Scholar
• Quigley TJ, Hambrick DC (2012) When the former CEO stays on as board chair: Effects on successor discretion, strategic change, and performance. Strategic Management J. 33(7):834–859. 10.1002/smj.1945Crossref, Google Scholar
• Rosenberg N (1998) Uncertainty and technological change. Neef D, Siesfeld T, Siesfeld GA, Cefola J, eds. The Economic Impact of Knowledge (Routledge, Abingdon, UK), 17–34.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sakakibara M, Balasubramanian N (2020) Human capital, parent size, and the destination industry of spinouts. Strategic Management J. 41(5):815–840. 10.1002/smj.3108Crossref, Google Scholar
• Schumpeter JA (1976) Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (Routledge, Abingdon, UK).Google Scholar
• Shane S, Locke EA, Collins CJ (2003) Entrepreneurial motivation. Human Resource Management Rev. 13(2):257–279. 10.1016/S1053-4822(03)00017-2Crossref, Google Scholar
• Shi W, Hoskisson RE, Zhang YA (2017) Independent director death and CEO acquisitiveness: Build an empire or pursue a quiet life? Strategic Management J. 38(3):780–792. 10.1002/smj.2514Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sørensen JB, Stuart TE (2000) Aging, obsolescence, and organizational innovation. Admin. Sci. Quart. 45(1):81–112. 10.2307/2666980Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sorenson O, Audia PG (2000) The social structure of entrepreneurial activity: Geographic concentration of footwear production in the United States, 1940–1989. Amer. J. Sociol. 106(2):424–462. 10.1086/316962Crossref, Google Scholar
• Sorenson O, Stuart TE (2001) Syndication networks and the spatial distribution of venture capital investments. Amer. J. Sociol. 106(6):1546–1588. 10.1086/321301Crossref, Google Scholar
• Stinchcombe A (1965) Social structure and organizations. March JG, ed. Handbook of Organizations (Rand McNally, Chicago), 142–193.Google Scholar
• Stuart T, Sorenson O (2003) The geography of opportunity: Spatial heterogeneity in founding rates and the performance of biotechnology firms. Res. Policy 32(2):229–253.Google Scholar
• Stuart TE, Sorenson O (2005) Social networks and entrepreneurship. Alvarez SA, Agarwal R, Sorenson O, eds. Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, International Handbook Series on Entrepreneurship (Springer U.S., Boston), 233–252.Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (2004) Target article: “Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence.” Psych. Inquiry 15(1):1–18. 10.1207/s15327965pli1501_01Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tripsas M, Gavetti G (2000) Capabilities, cognition, and inertia: Evidence from digital imaging. Strategic Management J. 21(10–11):1147–1161. 10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1147:AID-SMJ128>3.0.CO;2-RCrossref, Google Scholar
• Tushman ML, O’Reilly CA (1996) Ambidextrous organizations: Managing evolutionary and revolutionary change. Calif. Management Rev. 38(4):8–29. 10.2307/41165852Crossref, Google Scholar
• Tushman ML, Rosenkopf L (1996) Executive succession, strategic reorientation and performance growth: A longitudinal study in the U.S. cement industry. Management Sci. 42(7):939–953. 10.1287/mnsc.42.7.939Link, Google Scholar
• Wasserman N (2003) Founder-CEO succession and the paradox of entrepreneurial success. Organ. Sci. 14(2):149–172. 10.1287/orsc.14.2.149.14995Link, Google Scholar
• Wasserman N (2017) The throne vs. the kingdom: Founder control and value creation in startups. Strategic Management J. 38(2):255–277. 10.1002/smj.2478Crossref, Google Scholar
• Weber M (1905) The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism: And Other Writings (Penguin Classics, New York).Google Scholar
• Weber M (1921) Economy and Society (University of California Press, Berkeley, CA).Google Scholar
• Westphal JD, Fredrickson JW (2001) Who directs strategic change? Director experience, the selection of new CEOs, and change in corporate strategy. Strategic Management J. 22(12):1113–1137. 10.1002/smj.205Crossref, Google Scholar
• Wiersema MF (1992) Strategic consequences of executive succession within diversified firms. J. Management Stud. 29(1):73–94. 10.1111/j.1467-6486.1992.tb00653.xCrossref, Google Scholar
• Wiersema MF, Bantel KA (1992) Top management team demography and corporate strategic change. Acad. Management J. 35(1):91–121. 10.5465/256474Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhang Y (2006) The presence of a separate COO/president and its impact on strategic change and CEO dismissal. Strategic Management J. 27(3):283–300. 10.1002/smj.517Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Rajagopalan N (2010) Once an outsider, always an outsider? CEO origin, strategic change, and firm performance. Strategic Management J. 31(3):334–346. 10.1002/smj.812Crossref, Google Scholar
• Zuzul T, Tripsas M (2020) Start-up inertia versus flexibility: The role of founder identity in a nascent industry. Admin. Sci. Quart. 65(2):395–433. 10.1177/0001839219843486Crossref, Google Scholar