Outsiders at the Helm: When Institutional Outsiderness Helps or Hurts Public Leaders’ Crisis Management Performance

The authors are deeply grateful to the senior editor, Abhinav Gupta, and three anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful guidance throughout the revision process. This research was inspired by the increasing prevalence of outsider public leaders in times of societal crises, a phenomenon that underscores both the promise and the peril of leadership beyond established institutions. The three authors contributed equally to this research paper.